2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
28 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
29 import org.apidesign.bck2brwsr.emul.reflect.AnnotationImpl;
30 import java.io.InputStream;
31 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
32 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
33 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
34 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
36 import org.apidesign.bck2brwsr.core.JavaScriptBody;
37 import org.apidesign.bck2brwsr.emul.reflect.MethodImpl;
40 * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and
41 * interfaces in a running Java application. An enum is a kind of
42 * class and an annotation is a kind of interface. Every array also
43 * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object
44 * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number
45 * of dimensions. The primitive Java types ({@code boolean},
46 * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short},
47 * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and
48 * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also
49 * represented as {@code Class} objects.
51 * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class}
52 * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes
53 * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class
56 * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the
57 * class name of an object:
59 * <p> <blockquote><pre>
60 * void printClassName(Object obj) {
61 * System.out.println("The class of " + obj +
62 * " is " + obj.getClass().getName());
66 * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named
67 * type (or for void) using a class literal. See Section 15.8.2 of
68 * <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>.
72 * {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());}
75 * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class}
76 * object. For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code
77 * Class<String>}. Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is
81 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int)
85 class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
86 java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration,
87 java.lang.reflect.Type,
88 java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement {
89 private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;
90 private static final int ENUM = 0x00004000;
91 private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;
94 * Constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class
101 * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the
102 * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the
103 * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by
104 * {@code getName}. If this {@code Class} object represents a
105 * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type. If
106 * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns
109 * @return a string representation of this class object.
111 public String toString() {
112 return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class "))
118 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
119 * interface with the given string name. Invoking this method is
123 * {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)}
126 * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of
129 * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the
130 * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named
131 * {@code java.lang.Thread}:
134 * {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")}
137 * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named
138 * {@code X} to be initialized.
140 * @param className the fully qualified name of the desired class.
141 * @return the {@code Class} object for the class with the
143 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
144 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
145 * by this method fails
146 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located
148 public static Class<?> forName(String className)
149 throws ClassNotFoundException {
150 if (className.startsWith("[")) {
151 Class<?> arrType = defineArray(className);
152 Class<?> c = arrType;
153 while (c != null && c.isArray()) {
154 c = c.getComponentType0(); // verify component type is sane
158 Class<?> c = loadCls(className, className.replace('.', '_'));
160 throw new ClassNotFoundException(className);
167 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
168 * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader.
169 * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same
170 * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to
171 * locate, load, and link the class or interface. The specified class
172 * loader is used to load the class or interface. If the parameter
173 * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap
174 * class loader. The class is initialized only if the
175 * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has
176 * not been initialized earlier.
178 * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt
179 * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose
180 * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to
181 * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive
184 * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of
185 * the array class is loaded but not initialized.
187 * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression:
190 * {@code Class.forName("Foo")}
196 * {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())}
199 * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or
200 * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The
201 * Java Language Specification</em>.
202 * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class
203 * is accessible to its caller.
205 * <p> If the {@code loader} is {@code null}, and a security
206 * manager is present, and the caller's class loader is not null, then this
207 * method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission} method
208 * with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission to
209 * ensure it's ok to access the bootstrap class loader.
211 * @param name fully qualified name of the desired class
212 * @param initialize whether the class must be initialized
213 * @param loader class loader from which the class must be loaded
214 * @return class object representing the desired class
216 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
217 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
218 * by this method fails
219 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by
220 * the specified class loader
222 * @see java.lang.Class#forName(String)
223 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
226 public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,
228 throws ClassNotFoundException
230 return forName(name);
233 @JavaScriptBody(args = {"n", "c" }, body =
234 "if (vm[c]) return vm[c].$class;\n"
235 + "if (vm.loadClass) {\n"
236 + " vm.loadClass(n);\n"
237 + " if (vm[c]) return vm[c].$class;\n"
241 private static native Class<?> loadCls(String n, String c);
245 * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class}
246 * object. The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new}
247 * expression with an empty argument list. The class is initialized if it
248 * has not already been initialized.
250 * <p>Note that this method propagates any exception thrown by the
251 * nullary constructor, including a checked exception. Use of
252 * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception
253 * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler.
255 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...)
256 * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping
257 * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link
258 * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}.
260 * @return a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this
262 * @exception IllegalAccessException if the class or its nullary
263 * constructor is not accessible.
264 * @exception InstantiationException
265 * if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class,
266 * an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void;
267 * or if the class has no nullary constructor;
268 * or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.
269 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization
270 * provoked by this method fails.
271 * @exception SecurityException
272 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
273 * following conditions is met:
278 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
279 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
280 * creation of new instances of this class
282 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
283 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
284 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
285 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
291 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "self", "illegal" }, body =
292 "\nvar c = self.cnstr;"
293 + "\nif (c['cons__V']) {"
294 + "\n if ((c.cons__V.access & 0x1) != 0) {"
295 + "\n var inst = c();"
296 + "\n c.cons__V.call(inst);"
299 + "\n return illegal;"
303 private static native Object newInstance0(Class<?> self, Object illegal);
305 public T newInstance()
306 throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
308 Object illegal = new Object();
309 Object inst = newInstance0(this, illegal);
311 throw new InstantiationException(getName());
313 if (inst == illegal) {
314 throw new IllegalAccessException();
320 * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible
321 * with the object represented by this {@code Class}. This method is
322 * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof}
323 * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified
324 * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the
325 * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without
326 * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false}
329 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a
330 * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified
331 * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or
332 * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
333 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method
334 * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument
335 * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity
336 * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns
337 * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object
338 * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the
339 * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument
340 * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
341 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method
342 * returns {@code false}.
344 * @param obj the object to check
345 * @return true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class
349 public boolean isInstance(Object obj) {
354 return isAssignableFrom(obj.getClass());
357 String prop = "$instOf_" + getName().replace('.', '_');
358 return hasProperty(obj, prop);
361 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "who", "prop" }, body =
362 "if (who[prop]) return true; else return false;"
364 private static native boolean hasProperty(Object who, String prop);
368 * Determines if the class or interface represented by this
369 * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or
370 * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified
371 * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so;
372 * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class}
373 * object represents a primitive type, this method returns
374 * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is
375 * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns
378 * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the
379 * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type
380 * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion
381 * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language
382 * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.
384 * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked
385 * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the
386 * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class
387 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is
391 public boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls) {
397 final Class<?> cmpType = cls.getComponentType();
399 return this == cmpType;
401 return cmpType != null && getComponentType().isAssignableFrom(cmpType);
403 String prop = "$instOf_" + getName().replace('.', '_');
404 return hasCnstrProperty(cls, prop);
407 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "who", "prop" }, body =
408 "if (who.cnstr.prototype[prop]) return true; else return false;"
410 private static native boolean hasCnstrProperty(Object who, String prop);
414 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an
417 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an interface;
418 * {@code false} otherwise.
420 public boolean isInterface() {
421 return (getAccess() & 0x200) != 0;
424 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body = "return this.access;")
425 private native int getAccess();
429 * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class.
431 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an array class;
432 * {@code false} otherwise.
435 public boolean isArray() {
436 return hasProperty(this, "array"); // NOI18N
441 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a
444 * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent
445 * the eight primitive types and void. These are created by the Java
446 * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that
447 * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte},
448 * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int},
449 * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}.
451 * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static
452 * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which
453 * this method returns {@code true}.
455 * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type
457 * @see java.lang.Boolean#TYPE
458 * @see java.lang.Character#TYPE
459 * @see java.lang.Byte#TYPE
460 * @see java.lang.Short#TYPE
461 * @see java.lang.Integer#TYPE
462 * @see java.lang.Long#TYPE
463 * @see java.lang.Float#TYPE
464 * @see java.lang.Double#TYPE
465 * @see java.lang.Void#TYPE
468 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body =
469 "if (this.primitive) return true;"
470 + "else return false;"
472 public native boolean isPrimitive();
475 * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation
476 * type. Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()}
477 * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.
479 * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation
480 * type; {@code false} otherwise
483 public boolean isAnnotation() {
484 return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;
488 * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class;
489 * returns {@code false} otherwise.
490 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as
491 * defined by the Java Language Specification.
494 public boolean isSynthetic() {
495 return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
499 * Returns the name of the entity (class, interface, array class,
500 * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object,
501 * as a {@code String}.
503 * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an
504 * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified
506 * <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>.
508 * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the
509 * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language
510 * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.
512 * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal
513 * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by
514 * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array
515 * nesting. The encoding of element type names is as follows:
517 * <blockquote><table summary="Element types and encodings">
518 * <tr><th> Element Type <th> <th> Encoding
519 * <tr><td> boolean <td> <td align=center> Z
520 * <tr><td> byte <td> <td align=center> B
521 * <tr><td> char <td> <td align=center> C
522 * <tr><td> class or interface
523 * <td> <td align=center> L<i>classname</i>;
524 * <tr><td> double <td> <td align=center> D
525 * <tr><td> float <td> <td align=center> F
526 * <tr><td> int <td> <td align=center> I
527 * <tr><td> long <td> <td align=center> J
528 * <tr><td> short <td> <td align=center> S
529 * </table></blockquote>
531 * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of
532 * the class specified above.
536 * String.class.getName()
537 * returns "java.lang.String"
538 * byte.class.getName()
540 * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName()
541 * returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"
542 * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()
544 * </pre></blockquote>
546 * @return the name of the class or interface
547 * represented by this object.
549 public String getName() {
550 return jvmName().replace('/', '.');
553 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body = "return this.jvmName;")
554 private native String jvmName();
558 * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the
559 * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this
560 * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order. Returns an
561 * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type
564 * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent
565 * the type variables declared by this generic declaration
566 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
567 * signature of this generic declaration does not conform to
568 * the format specified in
569 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
572 public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() {
573 throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
577 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the superclass of the entity
578 * (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this
579 * {@code Class}. If this {@code Class} represents either the
580 * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then
581 * null is returned. If this object represents an array class then the
582 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
585 * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object.
587 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body = "return this.superclass;")
588 public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass();
591 * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded
592 * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's
593 * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected},
594 * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static},
595 * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded
596 * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}.
598 * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its
599 * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected}
600 * modifiers are the same as those of its component type. If this
601 * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its
602 * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its
603 * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always
604 * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a
605 * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always
606 * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always
607 * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined
608 * by this specification.
610 * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine
611 * Specification</em>, table 4.1.
613 * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class
614 * @see java.lang.reflect.Modifier
617 public int getModifiers() {
623 * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the
624 * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is
627 * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the
628 * component type with "[]" appended. In particular the simple
629 * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".
631 * @return the simple name of the underlying class
634 public String getSimpleName() {
636 return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]";
638 String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName();
639 if (simpleName == null) { // top level class
640 simpleName = getName();
641 return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf(".")+1); // strip the package name
643 // According to JLS3 "Binary Compatibility" (13.1) the binary
644 // name of non-package classes (not top level) is the binary
645 // name of the immediately enclosing class followed by a '$' followed by:
646 // (for nested and inner classes): the simple name.
647 // (for local classes): 1 or more digits followed by the simple name.
648 // (for anonymous classes): 1 or more digits.
650 // Since getSimpleBinaryName() will strip the binary name of
651 // the immediatly enclosing class, we are now looking at a
652 // string that matches the regular expression "\$[0-9]*"
653 // followed by a simple name (considering the simple of an
654 // anonymous class to be the empty string).
656 // Remove leading "\$[0-9]*" from the name
657 int length = simpleName.length();
658 if (length < 1 || simpleName.charAt(0) != '$')
659 throw new IllegalStateException("Malformed class name");
661 while (index < length && isAsciiDigit(simpleName.charAt(index)))
663 // Eventually, this is the empty string iff this is an anonymous class
664 return simpleName.substring(index);
668 * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e.,
669 * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name.
670 * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level
673 private String getSimpleBinaryName() {
674 Class<?> enclosingClass = null; // XXX getEnclosingClass();
675 if (enclosingClass == null) // top level class
677 // Otherwise, strip the enclosing class' name
679 return getName().substring(enclosingClass.getName().length());
680 } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
681 throw new IllegalStateException("Malformed class name");
686 * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all
687 * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by
688 * this {@code Class} object. The elements in the array returned are
689 * not sorted and are not in any particular order. This method returns an
690 * array of length 0 if the class or interface has no accessible public
691 * fields, or if it represents an array class, a primitive type, or void.
693 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a class,
694 * this method returns the public fields of this class and of all its
695 * superclasses. If this {@code Class} object represents an
696 * interface, this method returns the fields of this interface and of all
697 * its superinterfaces.
699 * <p> The implicit length field for array class is not reflected by this
700 * method. User code should use the methods of class {@code Array} to
703 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
705 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the
707 * @exception SecurityException
708 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
709 * following conditions is met:
714 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
715 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
716 * access to the fields within this class
718 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
719 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
720 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
721 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
728 public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException {
729 throw new SecurityException();
733 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all
734 * the public <em>member</em> methods of the class or interface represented
735 * by this {@code Class} object, including those declared by the class
736 * or interface and those inherited from superclasses and
737 * superinterfaces. Array classes return all the (public) member methods
738 * inherited from the {@code Object} class. The elements in the array
739 * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. This
740 * method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object
741 * represents a class or interface that has no public member methods, or if
742 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type or void.
744 * <p> The class initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not
745 * included in the returned array. If the class declares multiple public
746 * member methods with the same parameter types, they are all included in
747 * the returned array.
749 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
751 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the
752 * public methods of this class
753 * @exception SecurityException
754 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
755 * following conditions is met:
760 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
761 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
762 * access to the methods within this class
764 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
765 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
766 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
767 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
774 public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {
775 return MethodImpl.findMethods(this, 0x01);
779 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public
780 * member field of the class or interface represented by this
781 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
782 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired field.
784 * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that
785 * follows. Let C be the class represented by this object:
787 * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the
788 * field to be reflected.</LI>
789 * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied
790 * recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct
791 * superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI>
792 * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a
793 * superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S.
794 * If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException}
798 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
800 * @param name the field name
801 * @return the {@code Field} object of this class specified by
803 * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
805 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
806 * @exception SecurityException
807 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
808 * following conditions is met:
813 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
814 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
815 * access to the field
817 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
818 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
819 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
820 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
827 public Field getField(String name)
828 throws SecurityException {
829 throw new SecurityException();
834 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public
835 * member method of the class or interface represented by this
836 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
837 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The
838 * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class}
839 * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared
840 * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is
841 * treated as if it were an empty array.
843 * <p> If the {@code name} is "{@code <init>};"or "{@code <clinit>}" a
844 * {@code NoSuchMethodException} is raised. Otherwise, the method to
845 * be reflected is determined by the algorithm that follows. Let C be the
846 * class represented by this object:
848 * <LI> C is searched for any <I>matching methods</I>. If no matching
849 * method is found, the algorithm of step 1 is invoked recursively on
850 * the superclass of C.</LI>
851 * <LI> If no method was found in step 1 above, the superinterfaces of C
852 * are searched for a matching method. If any such method is found, it
856 * To find a matching method in a class C: If C declares exactly one
857 * public method with the specified name and exactly the same formal
858 * parameter types, that is the method reflected. If more than one such
859 * method is found in C, and one of these methods has a return type that is
860 * more specific than any of the others, that method is reflected;
861 * otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.
863 * <p>Note that there may be more than one matching method in a
864 * class because while the Java language forbids a class to
865 * declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
866 * return types, the Java virtual machine does not. This
867 * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
868 * implement various language features. For example, covariant
869 * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
870 * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
871 * method and the method being overridden would have the same
872 * signature but different return types.
874 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
876 * @param name the name of the method
877 * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters
878 * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified
879 * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}
880 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found
881 * or if the name is "<init>"or "<clinit>".
882 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
883 * @exception SecurityException
884 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
885 * following conditions is met:
890 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
891 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
892 * access to the method
894 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
895 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
896 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
897 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
904 public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
905 throws SecurityException, NoSuchMethodException {
906 Method m = MethodImpl.findMethod(this, name, parameterTypes);
908 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
909 sb.append(getName()).append('.').append(name).append('(');
911 for (int i = 0; i < parameterTypes.length; i++) {
912 sb.append(sep).append(parameterTypes[i].getName());
916 throw new NoSuchMethodException(sb.toString());
922 * Returns an array of {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
923 * methods declared by the class or interface represented by this
924 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
925 * (package) access, and private methods, but excludes inherited methods.
926 * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
927 * particular order. This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
928 * or interface declares no methods, or if this {@code Class} object
929 * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void. The class
930 * initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not included in the
931 * returned array. If the class declares multiple public member methods
932 * with the same parameter types, they are all included in the returned
935 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
937 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the
938 * declared methods of this class
939 * @exception SecurityException
940 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
941 * following conditions is met:
946 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
947 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
948 * access to the declared methods within this class
950 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
951 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
952 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
953 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
960 public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {
961 throw new SecurityException();
965 * Character.isDigit answers {@code true} to some non-ascii
966 * digits. This one does not.
968 private static boolean isAsciiDigit(char c) {
969 return '0' <= c && c <= '9';
973 * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as
974 * defined by the Java Language Specification. Returns null if
975 * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if
976 * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component
977 * type does not have a canonical name).
978 * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and
979 * {@code null} otherwise.
982 public String getCanonicalName() {
984 String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName();
985 if (canonicalName != null)
986 return canonicalName + "[]";
990 // if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass())
992 // Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
993 Class<?> enclosingClass = null;
994 if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class
997 String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName();
998 if (enclosingName == null)
1000 return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName();
1005 * Finds a resource with a given name. The rules for searching resources
1006 * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
1007 * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
1008 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
1009 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
1010 * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}.
1012 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
1013 * given resource name using this algorithm:
1017 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
1018 * (<tt>'\u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
1019 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
1021 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
1024 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
1027 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
1028 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
1029 * (<tt>'\u002e'</tt>).
1033 * @param name name of the desired resource
1034 * @return A {@link java.io.InputStream} object or {@code null} if
1035 * no resource with this name is found
1036 * @throws NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
1039 public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {
1040 name = resolveName(name);
1041 byte[] arr = getResourceAsStream0(name);
1042 return arr == null ? null : new ByteArrayInputStream(arr);
1045 @JavaScriptBody(args = "name", body =
1046 "return (vm.loadBytes) ? vm.loadBytes(name) : null;"
1048 private static native byte[] getResourceAsStream0(String name);
1051 * Finds a resource with a given name. The rules for searching resources
1052 * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
1053 * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
1054 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
1055 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
1056 * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}.
1058 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
1059 * given resource name using this algorithm:
1063 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
1064 * (<tt>'\u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
1065 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
1067 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
1070 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
1073 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
1074 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
1075 * (<tt>'\u002e'</tt>).
1079 * @param name name of the desired resource
1080 * @return A {@link java.net.URL} object or {@code null} if no
1081 * resource with this name is found
1084 public java.net.URL getResource(String name) {
1085 InputStream is = getResourceAsStream(name);
1086 return is == null ? null : newResourceURL(URL.class, "res:/" + name, is);
1089 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "url", "spec", "is" }, body =
1090 "var u = url.cnstr(true);\n"
1091 + "u.constructor.cons__VLjava_lang_String_2Ljava_io_InputStream_2.call(u, spec, is);\n"
1094 private static native URL newResourceURL(Class<URL> url, String spec, InputStream is);
1097 * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"
1098 * if name is absolute
1100 private String resolveName(String name) {
1104 if (!name.startsWith("/")) {
1106 while (c.isArray()) {
1107 c = c.getComponentType();
1109 String baseName = c.getName();
1110 int index = baseName.lastIndexOf('.');
1112 name = baseName.substring(0, index).replace('.', '/')
1116 name = name.substring(1);
1122 * Returns the class loader for the class. Some implementations may use
1123 * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return
1124 * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap
1127 * <p> If a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader is
1128 * not null and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of
1129 * the class loader for the class whose class loader is requested, then
1130 * this method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission}
1131 * method with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")}
1132 * permission to ensure it's ok to access the class loader for the class.
1135 * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.
1137 * @return the class loader that loaded the class or interface
1138 * represented by this object.
1139 * @throws SecurityException
1140 * if a security manager exists and its
1141 * {@code checkPermission} method denies
1142 * access to the class loader for the class.
1143 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
1144 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
1145 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
1147 public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
1148 throw new SecurityException();
1152 * Determines the interfaces implemented by the class or interface
1153 * represented by this object.
1155 * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
1156 * containing objects representing all interfaces implemented by the
1157 * class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to
1158 * the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause
1159 * of the declaration of the class represented by this object. For
1160 * example, given the declaration:
1162 * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }}
1164 * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of
1165 * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression:
1167 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]}
1169 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
1170 * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of:
1172 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]}
1174 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
1175 * {@code DessertTopping}.
1177 * <p> If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
1178 * representing all interfaces extended by the interface. The order of the
1179 * interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface
1180 * names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the
1181 * interface represented by this object.
1183 * <p> If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
1184 * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
1186 * <p> If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
1187 * returns an array of length 0.
1189 * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class.
1191 public native Class<?>[] getInterfaces();
1194 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an
1195 * array. If this class does not represent an array class this method
1198 * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this
1199 * class if this class is an array
1200 * @see java.lang.reflect.Array
1203 public Class<?> getComponentType() {
1206 return getComponentType0();
1207 } catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
1208 throw new IllegalStateException(cnfe);
1214 private Class<?> getComponentType0() throws ClassNotFoundException {
1215 String n = getName().substring(1);
1216 switch (n.charAt(0)) {
1218 n = n.substring(1, n.length() - 1);
1219 return Class.forName(n);
1221 return Integer.TYPE;
1231 return Boolean.TYPE;
1237 return Character.TYPE;
1239 return defineArray(n);
1241 throw new ClassNotFoundException("Unknown component type of " + getName());
1245 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "sig" }, body =
1246 "var c = Array[sig];\n" +
1247 "if (c) return c;\n" +
1248 "c = vm.java_lang_Class(true);\n" +
1249 "c.jvmName = sig;\n" +
1250 "c.superclass = vm.java_lang_Object(false).$class;\n" +
1251 "c.array = true;\n" +
1252 "Array[sig] = c;\n" +
1255 private static native Class<?> defineArray(String sig);
1258 * Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
1261 * @return true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
1265 public boolean isEnum() {
1266 // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have
1267 // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants
1268 // don't do the former.
1269 return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 &&
1270 this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class;
1274 * Casts an object to the class or interface represented
1275 * by this {@code Class} object.
1277 * @param obj the object to be cast
1278 * @return the object after casting, or null if obj is null
1280 * @throws ClassCastException if the object is not
1281 * null and is not assignable to the type T.
1285 public T cast(Object obj) {
1286 if (obj != null && !isInstance(obj))
1287 throw new ClassCastException(cannotCastMsg(obj));
1291 private String cannotCastMsg(Object obj) {
1292 return "Cannot cast " + obj.getClass().getName() + " to " + getName();
1296 * Casts this {@code Class} object to represent a subclass of the class
1297 * represented by the specified class object. Checks that that the cast
1298 * is valid, and throws a {@code ClassCastException} if it is not. If
1299 * this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object.
1301 * <p>This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of
1302 * a {@code Class} object to pass it to an API that restricts the
1303 * {@code Class} objects that it is willing to accept. A cast would
1304 * generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast
1305 * could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented
1308 * @return this {@code Class} object, cast to represent a subclass of
1309 * the specified class object.
1310 * @throws ClassCastException if this {@code Class} object does not
1311 * represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes
1312 * the class itself).
1315 public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz) {
1316 if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(this))
1317 return (Class<? extends U>) this;
1319 throw new ClassCastException(this.toString());
1322 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "ac" },
1325 + " return this.anno['L' + ac.jvmName + ';'];"
1326 + "} else return null;"
1328 private Object getAnnotationData(Class<?> annotationClass) {
1329 throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
1332 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
1335 public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
1336 Object data = getAnnotationData(annotationClass);
1337 return data == null ? null : AnnotationImpl.create(annotationClass, data);
1341 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
1344 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "ac" },
1345 body = "if (this.anno && this.anno['L' + ac.jvmName + ';']) { return true; }"
1346 + "else return false;"
1348 public boolean isAnnotationPresent(
1349 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
1350 if (annotationClass == null)
1351 throw new NullPointerException();
1353 return getAnnotation(annotationClass) != null;
1356 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body = "return this.anno;")
1357 private Object getAnnotationData() {
1358 throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
1364 public Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
1365 Object data = getAnnotationData();
1366 return data == null ? new Annotation[0] : AnnotationImpl.create(data);
1372 public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations() {
1373 throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
1376 @JavaScriptBody(args = "type", body = ""
1377 + "var c = vm.java_lang_Class(true);"
1378 + "c.jvmName = type;"
1379 + "c.primitive = true;"
1382 native static Class getPrimitiveClass(String type);
1384 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body =
1385 "return vm.desiredAssertionStatus ? vm.desiredAssertionStatus : false;"
1387 public native boolean desiredAssertionStatus();