src/main/java/org/apidesign/java4browser/ByteCodeToJavaScript.java
author Jaroslav Tulach <jaroslav.tulach@apidesign.org>
Thu, 20 Sep 2012 14:20:01 +0200
changeset 18 361b76189f8d
parent 17 cb0cfba1b863
child 19 2291e553464a
permissions -rw-r--r--
The compilation to JavaScript now identifies list of external references and provides them back to the caller
     1 /*
     2 Java 4 Browser Bytecode Translator
     3 Copyright (C) 2012-2012 Jaroslav Tulach <jaroslav.tulach@apidesign.org>
     4 
     5 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
     6 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
     7 the Free Software Foundation, version 2 of the License.
     8 
     9 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    10 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    11 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    12 GNU General Public License for more details.
    13 
    14 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    15 along with this program. Look for COPYING file in the top folder.
    16 If not, see http://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-2.0.
    17 */
    18 package org.apidesign.java4browser;
    19 
    20 import java.io.IOException;
    21 import java.io.InputStream;
    22 import java.util.Collection;
    23 import java.util.List;
    24 import static org.netbeans.modules.classfile.ByteCodes.*;
    25 import org.netbeans.modules.classfile.CPClassInfo;
    26 import org.netbeans.modules.classfile.CPEntry;
    27 import org.netbeans.modules.classfile.CPFieldInfo;
    28 import org.netbeans.modules.classfile.CPMethodInfo;
    29 import org.netbeans.modules.classfile.ClassFile;
    30 import org.netbeans.modules.classfile.ClassName;
    31 import org.netbeans.modules.classfile.Code;
    32 import org.netbeans.modules.classfile.Method;
    33 import org.netbeans.modules.classfile.Parameter;
    34 import org.netbeans.modules.classfile.Variable;
    35 
    36 /** Translator of the code inside class files to JavaScript.
    37  *
    38  * @author Jaroslav Tulach <jtulach@netbeans.org>
    39  */
    40 public final class ByteCodeToJavaScript {
    41     private final ClassFile jc;
    42     private final Appendable out;
    43     private final Collection<? super String> references;
    44 
    45     private ByteCodeToJavaScript(
    46         ClassFile jc, Appendable out, Collection<? super String> references
    47     ) {
    48         this.jc = jc;
    49         this.out = out;
    50         this.references = references;
    51     }
    52 
    53     /**
    54      * Converts a given class file to a JavaScript version.
    55      *
    56      * @param classFile input stream with code of the .class file
    57      * @param out a {@link StringBuilder} or similar to generate the output to
    58      * @param references a write only collection where the system adds list of
    59      *   other classes that were referenced and should be loaded in order the
    60      *   generated JavaScript code works properly. The names are in internal 
    61      *   JVM form so String is <code>java/lang/String</code>. Can be <code>null</code>
    62      *   if one is not interested in knowing references
    63      * @throws IOException if something goes wrong during read or write or translating
    64      */
    65     
    66     public static void compile(
    67         InputStream classFile, Appendable out,
    68         Collection<? super String> references
    69     ) throws IOException {
    70         ClassFile jc = new ClassFile(classFile, true);
    71         ByteCodeToJavaScript compiler = new ByteCodeToJavaScript(
    72             jc, out, references
    73         );
    74         for (Method m : jc.getMethods()) {
    75             if (m.isStatic()) {
    76                 compiler.generateStaticMethod(m);
    77             } else {
    78                 compiler.generateInstanceMethod(m);
    79             }
    80         }
    81         for (Variable v : jc.getVariables()) {
    82             if (v.isStatic()) {
    83                 compiler.generateStaticField(v);
    84             }
    85         }
    86         out.append("function java_lang_Object(){}\n"); // XXX temporary
    87         out.append("function java_lang_Object_consV(self){}\n"); // XXX temporary
    88         
    89         final String className = jc.getName().getInternalName().replace('/', '_');
    90         out.append("\nfunction ").append(className);
    91         out.append("() {");
    92         for (Method m : jc.getMethods()) {
    93             if (!m.isStatic()) {
    94                 compiler.generateMethodReference(m);
    95             }
    96         }
    97         for (Variable v : jc.getVariables()) {
    98             if (!v.isStatic()) {
    99                 out.append("\n  this." + v.getName() + " = 0;");
   100             }
   101         }
   102         out.append("\n  this.$instOf_").append(className).append(" = true;");
   103         out.append("\n}");
   104         ClassName sc = jc.getSuperClass();
   105         if (sc != null) {
   106             out.append("\n  ").append(className)
   107                .append(".prototype = new ").append(sc.getInternalName().replace('/', '_'));
   108         }
   109     }
   110     private void generateStaticMethod(Method m) throws IOException {
   111         out.append("\nfunction ").append(
   112             jc.getName().getInternalName().replace('/', '_')
   113         ).append('_').append(findMethodName(m));
   114         out.append('(');
   115         String space = "";
   116         List<Parameter> args = m.getParameters();
   117         for (int index = 0, i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
   118             out.append(space);
   119             out.append("arg").append(String.valueOf(index));
   120             space = ",";
   121             final String desc = args.get(i).getDescriptor();
   122             if ("D".equals(desc) || "J".equals(desc)) {
   123                 index += 2;
   124             } else {
   125                 index++;
   126             }
   127         }
   128         out.append(") {").append("\n");
   129         final Code code = m.getCode();
   130         if (code != null) {
   131             int len = code.getMaxLocals();
   132             for (int index = args.size(), i = args.size(); i < len; i++) {
   133                 out.append("  var ");
   134                 out.append("arg").append(String.valueOf(i)).append(";\n");
   135             }
   136             out.append("  var stack = new Array(");
   137             out.append(Integer.toString(code.getMaxStack()));
   138             out.append(");\n");
   139             produceCode(code.getByteCodes());
   140         } else {
   141             out.append("  /* no code found for ").append(m.getTypeSignature()).append(" */\n");
   142         }
   143         out.append("}");
   144     }
   145     
   146     private void generateMethodReference(Method m) throws IOException {
   147         final String name = findMethodName(m);
   148         out.append("\n  this.").append(name).append(" = ")
   149            .append(jc.getName().getInternalName().replace('/', '_'))
   150            .append('_').append(name).append(";");
   151     }
   152     
   153     private void generateInstanceMethod(Method m) throws IOException {
   154         out.append("\nfunction ").append(
   155             jc.getName().getInternalName().replace('/', '_')
   156         ).append('_').append(findMethodName(m));
   157         out.append("(arg0");
   158         String space = ",";
   159         List<Parameter> args = m.getParameters();
   160         for (int index = 1, i = 0; i < args.size(); i++) {
   161             out.append(space);
   162             out.append("arg").append(String.valueOf(index));
   163             final String desc = args.get(i).getDescriptor();
   164             if ("D".equals(desc) || "J".equals(desc)) {
   165                 index += 2;
   166             } else {
   167                 index++;
   168             }
   169         }
   170         out.append(") {").append("\n");
   171         final Code code = m.getCode();
   172         if (code != null) {
   173             int len = code.getMaxLocals();
   174             for (int index = args.size(), i = args.size(); i < len; i++) {
   175                 out.append("  var ");
   176                 out.append("arg").append(String.valueOf(i + 1)).append(";\n");
   177             }
   178             out.append(";\n  var stack = new Array(");
   179             out.append(Integer.toString(code.getMaxStack()));
   180             out.append(");\n");
   181             produceCode(code.getByteCodes());
   182         } else {
   183             out.append("  /* no code found for ").append(m.getTypeSignature()).append(" */\n");
   184         }
   185         out.append("}");
   186     }
   187 
   188     private void produceCode(byte[] byteCodes) throws IOException {
   189         out.append("\n  var gt = 0;\n  for(;;) switch(gt) {\n");
   190         for (int i = 0; i < byteCodes.length; i++) {
   191             int prev = i;
   192             out.append("    case " + i).append(": ");
   193             final int c = (byteCodes[i] + 256) % 256;
   194             switch (c) {
   195                 case bc_aload_0:
   196                 case bc_iload_0:
   197                 case bc_lload_0:
   198                 case bc_fload_0:
   199                 case bc_dload_0:
   200                     out.append("stack.push(arg0);");
   201                     break;
   202                 case bc_aload_1:
   203                 case bc_iload_1:
   204                 case bc_lload_1:
   205                 case bc_fload_1:
   206                 case bc_dload_1:
   207                     out.append("stack.push(arg1);");
   208                     break;
   209                 case bc_aload_2:
   210                 case bc_iload_2:
   211                 case bc_lload_2:
   212                 case bc_fload_2:
   213                 case bc_dload_2:
   214                     out.append("stack.push(arg2);");
   215                     break;
   216                 case bc_aload_3:
   217                 case bc_iload_3:
   218                 case bc_lload_3:
   219                 case bc_fload_3:
   220                 case bc_dload_3:
   221                     out.append("stack.push(arg3);");
   222                     break;
   223                 case bc_iload:
   224                 case bc_lload:
   225                 case bc_fload:
   226                 case bc_dload:
   227                 case bc_aload: {
   228                     final int indx = (byteCodes[++i] + 256) % 256;
   229                     out.append("stack.push(arg").append(indx + ");");
   230                     break;
   231                 }
   232                 case bc_astore_0:
   233                 case bc_istore_0:
   234                 case bc_lstore_0:
   235                 case bc_fstore_0:
   236                 case bc_dstore_0:
   237                     out.append("arg0 = stack.pop();");
   238                     break;
   239                 case bc_astore_1:
   240                 case bc_istore_1:
   241                 case bc_lstore_1:
   242                 case bc_fstore_1:
   243                 case bc_dstore_1:
   244                     out.append("arg1 = stack.pop();");
   245                     break;
   246                 case bc_astore_2:
   247                 case bc_istore_2:
   248                 case bc_lstore_2:
   249                 case bc_fstore_2:
   250                 case bc_dstore_2:
   251                     out.append("arg2 = stack.pop();");
   252                     break;
   253                 case bc_astore_3:
   254                 case bc_istore_3:
   255                 case bc_lstore_3:
   256                 case bc_fstore_3:
   257                 case bc_dstore_3:
   258                     out.append("arg3 = stack.pop();");
   259                     break;
   260                 case bc_iadd:
   261                 case bc_ladd:
   262                 case bc_fadd:
   263                 case bc_dadd:
   264                     out.append("stack.push(stack.pop() + stack.pop());");
   265                     break;
   266                 case bc_isub:
   267                 case bc_lsub:
   268                 case bc_fsub:
   269                 case bc_dsub:
   270                     out.append("{ var tmp = stack.pop(); stack.push(stack.pop() - tmp); }");
   271                     break;
   272                 case bc_imul:
   273                 case bc_lmul:
   274                 case bc_fmul:
   275                 case bc_dmul:
   276                     out.append("stack.push(stack.pop() * stack.pop());");
   277                     break;
   278                 case bc_idiv:
   279                 case bc_ldiv:
   280                     out.append("{ var tmp = stack.pop(); stack.push(Math.floor(stack.pop() / tmp)); }");
   281                     break;
   282                 case bc_fdiv:
   283                 case bc_ddiv:
   284                     out.append("{ var tmp = stack.pop(); stack.push(stack.pop() / tmp); }");
   285                     break;
   286                 case bc_iand:
   287                 case bc_land:
   288                     out.append("stack.push(stack.pop() & stack.pop());");
   289                     break;
   290                 case bc_ior:
   291                 case bc_lor:
   292                     out.append("stack.push(stack.pop() | stack.pop());");
   293                     break;
   294                 case bc_ixor:
   295                 case bc_lxor:
   296                     out.append("stack.push(stack.pop() ^ stack.pop());");
   297                     break;
   298                 case bc_iinc: {
   299                     final int varIndx = (byteCodes[++i] + 256) % 256;
   300                     final int incrBy = (byteCodes[++i] + 256) % 256;
   301                     if (incrBy == 1) {
   302                         out.append("arg" + varIndx).append("++;");
   303                     } else {
   304                         out.append("arg" + varIndx).append(" += " + incrBy).append(";");
   305                     }
   306                     break;
   307                 }
   308                 case bc_return:
   309                     out.append("return;");
   310                     break;
   311                 case bc_ireturn:
   312                 case bc_lreturn:
   313                 case bc_freturn:
   314                 case bc_dreturn:
   315                 case bc_areturn:
   316                     out.append("return stack.pop();");
   317                     break;
   318                 case bc_i2l:
   319                 case bc_i2f:
   320                 case bc_i2d:
   321                 case bc_l2i:
   322                     // max int check?
   323                 case bc_l2f:
   324                 case bc_l2d:
   325                 case bc_f2d:
   326                 case bc_d2f:
   327                     out.append("/* number conversion */");
   328                     break;
   329                 case bc_f2i:
   330                 case bc_f2l:
   331                 case bc_d2i:
   332                 case bc_d2l:
   333                     out.append("stack.push(Math.floor(stack.pop()));");
   334                     break;
   335                 case bc_i2b:
   336                 case bc_i2c:
   337                 case bc_i2s:
   338                     out.append("/* number conversion */");
   339                     break;
   340                 case bc_iconst_0:
   341                 case bc_dconst_0:
   342                 case bc_lconst_0:
   343                 case bc_fconst_0:
   344                     out.append("stack.push(0);");
   345                     break;
   346                 case bc_iconst_1:
   347                 case bc_lconst_1:
   348                 case bc_fconst_1:
   349                 case bc_dconst_1:
   350                     out.append("stack.push(1);");
   351                     break;
   352                 case bc_iconst_2:
   353                 case bc_fconst_2:
   354                     out.append("stack.push(2);");
   355                     break;
   356                 case bc_iconst_3:
   357                     out.append("stack.push(3);");
   358                     break;
   359                 case bc_iconst_4:
   360                     out.append("stack.push(4);");
   361                     break;
   362                 case bc_iconst_5:
   363                     out.append("stack.push(5);");
   364                     break;
   365                 case bc_ldc_w:
   366                 case bc_ldc2_w: {
   367                     int indx = readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   368                     CPEntry entry = jc.getConstantPool().get(indx);
   369                     i += 2;
   370                     out.append("stack.push(" + entry.getValue() + ");");
   371                     break;
   372                 }
   373                 case bc_if_icmpeq: {
   374                     i = generateIf(byteCodes, i, "==");
   375                     break;
   376                 }
   377                 case bc_ifeq: {
   378                     int indx = i + readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   379                     out.append("if (stack.pop() == 0) { gt = " + indx);
   380                     out.append("; continue; }");
   381                     i += 2;
   382                     break;
   383                 }
   384                 case bc_ifnonnull: {
   385                     int indx = i + readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   386                     out.append("if (stack.pop()) { gt = " + indx);
   387                     out.append("; continue; }");
   388                     i += 2;
   389                     break;
   390                 }
   391                 case bc_ifnull: {
   392                     int indx = i + readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   393                     out.append("if (!stack.pop()) { gt = " + indx);
   394                     out.append("; continue; }");
   395                     i += 2;
   396                     break;
   397                 }
   398                 case bc_if_icmpne:
   399                     i = generateIf(byteCodes, i, "!=");
   400                     break;
   401                 case bc_if_icmplt:
   402                     i = generateIf(byteCodes, i, ">");
   403                     break;
   404                 case bc_if_icmple:
   405                     i = generateIf(byteCodes, i, ">=");
   406                     break;
   407                 case bc_if_icmpgt:
   408                     i = generateIf(byteCodes, i, "<");
   409                     break;
   410                 case bc_if_icmpge:
   411                     i = generateIf(byteCodes, i, "<=");
   412                     break;
   413                 case bc_goto: {
   414                     int indx = i + readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   415                     out.append("gt = " + indx).append("; continue;");
   416                     i += 2;
   417                     break;
   418                 }
   419                 case bc_invokeinterface:
   420                 case bc_invokevirtual:
   421                     i = invokeVirtualMethod(byteCodes, i);
   422                     break;
   423                 case bc_invokespecial:
   424                     i = invokeStaticMethod(byteCodes, i, false);
   425                     break;
   426                 case bc_invokestatic:
   427                     i = invokeStaticMethod(byteCodes, i, true);
   428                     break;
   429                 case bc_new: {
   430                     int indx = readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   431                     CPClassInfo ci = jc.getConstantPool().getClass(indx);
   432                     out.append("stack.push(");
   433                     out.append("new ").append(ci.getClassName().getInternalName().replace('/','_'));
   434                     out.append(");");
   435                     addReference(ci.getClassName().getInternalName());
   436                     i += 2;
   437                     break;
   438                 }
   439                 case bc_dup:
   440                     out.append("stack.push(stack[stack.length - 1]);");
   441                     break;
   442                 case bc_bipush:
   443                     out.append("stack.push(" + byteCodes[++i] + ");");
   444                     break;
   445                 case bc_getfield: {
   446                     int indx = readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   447                     CPFieldInfo fi = (CPFieldInfo) jc.getConstantPool().get(indx);
   448                     out.append(" stack.push(stack.pop().").append(fi.getFieldName()).append(");");
   449                     i += 2;
   450                     break;
   451                 }
   452                 case bc_getstatic: {
   453                     int indx = readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   454                     CPFieldInfo fi = (CPFieldInfo) jc.getConstantPool().get(indx);
   455                     final String in = fi.getClassName().getInternalName();
   456                     out.append("stack.push(").append(in.replace('/', '_'));
   457                     out.append('_').append(fi.getFieldName()).append(");");
   458                     i += 2;
   459                     addReference(in);
   460                     break;
   461                 }
   462                 case bc_putstatic: {
   463                     int indx = readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   464                     CPFieldInfo fi = (CPFieldInfo) jc.getConstantPool().get(indx);
   465                     final String in = fi.getClassName().getInternalName();
   466                     out.append(in.replace('/', '_'));
   467                     out.append('_').append(fi.getFieldName()).append(" = stack.pop();");
   468                     i += 2;
   469                     addReference(in);
   470                     break;
   471                 }
   472                 case bc_putfield: {
   473                     int indx = readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   474                     CPFieldInfo fi = (CPFieldInfo) jc.getConstantPool().get(indx);
   475                     out.append("{ var v = stack.pop(); stack.pop().")
   476                        .append(fi.getFieldName()).append(" = v; }");
   477                     i += 2;
   478                     break;
   479                 }
   480                 case bc_instanceof: {
   481                     int indx = readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   482                     CPClassInfo ci = jc.getConstantPool().getClass(indx);
   483                     out.append("stack.push(stack.pop().$instOf_")
   484                        .append(ci.getClassName().getInternalName().replace('/', '_'))
   485                        .append(" ? 1 : 0);");
   486                     i += 2;
   487                 }
   488                     
   489             }
   490             out.append(" /*");
   491             for (int j = prev; j <= i; j++) {
   492                 out.append(" ");
   493                 final int cc = (byteCodes[j] + 256) % 256;
   494                 out.append(Integer.toString(cc));
   495             }
   496             out.append("*/\n");
   497         }
   498         out.append("  }\n");
   499     }
   500 
   501     private int generateIf(byte[] byteCodes, int i, final String test) throws IOException {
   502         int indx = i + readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   503         out.append("if (stack.pop() ").append(test).append(" stack.pop()) { gt = " + indx);
   504         out.append("; continue; }");
   505         return i + 2;
   506     }
   507 
   508     private int readIntArg(byte[] byteCodes, int offsetInstruction) {
   509         final int indxHi = byteCodes[offsetInstruction + 1] << 8;
   510         final int indxLo = byteCodes[offsetInstruction + 2];
   511         return (indxHi & 0xffffff00) | (indxLo & 0xff);
   512     }
   513     
   514     private static int countArgs(String descriptor, boolean[] hasReturnType, StringBuilder sig) {
   515         int cnt = 0;
   516         int i = 0;
   517         Boolean count = null;
   518         int firstPos = sig.length();
   519         while (i < descriptor.length()) {
   520             char ch = descriptor.charAt(i++);
   521             switch (ch) {
   522                 case '(':
   523                     count = true;
   524                     continue;
   525                 case ')':
   526                     count = false;
   527                     continue;
   528                 case 'B': 
   529                 case 'C': 
   530                 case 'D': 
   531                 case 'F': 
   532                 case 'I': 
   533                 case 'J': 
   534                 case 'S': 
   535                 case 'Z': 
   536                     if (count) {
   537                         cnt++;
   538                         sig.append(ch);
   539                     } else {
   540                         hasReturnType[0] = true;
   541                         sig.insert(firstPos, ch);
   542                     }
   543                     continue;
   544                 case 'V': 
   545                     assert !count;
   546                     hasReturnType[0] = false;
   547                     sig.insert(firstPos, 'V');
   548                     continue;
   549                 case 'L':
   550                     int next = descriptor.indexOf(';', i);
   551                     if (count) {
   552                         cnt++;
   553                         sig.append(ch);
   554                         sig.append(descriptor.substring(i, next).replace('/', '_'));
   555                     } else {
   556                         sig.insert(firstPos, descriptor.substring(i, next).replace('/', '_'));
   557                         sig.insert(firstPos, ch);
   558                         hasReturnType[0] = true;
   559                     }
   560                     i = next + 1;
   561                     continue;
   562                 case '[':
   563                     //arrays++;
   564                     continue;
   565                 default:
   566                     break; // invalid character
   567             }
   568         }
   569         return cnt;
   570     }
   571 
   572     private void generateStaticField(Variable v) throws IOException {
   573         out.append("\nvar ")
   574            .append(jc.getName().getInternalName().replace('/', '_'))
   575            .append('_').append(v.getName()).append(" = 0;");
   576     }
   577 
   578     private String findMethodName(Method m) {
   579         StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
   580         if ("<init>".equals(m.getName())) { // NOI18N
   581             out.append("consV"); // NOI18N
   582         } else {
   583             out.append(m.getName());
   584             outType(m.getReturnType(), out);
   585         } 
   586         List<Parameter> args = m.getParameters();
   587         for (Parameter t : args) {
   588             outType(t.getDescriptor(), out);
   589         }
   590         return out.toString();
   591     }
   592 
   593     private String findMethodName(CPMethodInfo mi, int[] cnt, boolean[] hasReturn) {
   594         StringBuilder name = new StringBuilder();
   595         if ("<init>".equals(mi.getName())) { // NOI18N
   596             name.append("cons"); // NOI18N
   597         } else {
   598             name.append(mi.getName());
   599         }
   600         cnt[0] = countArgs(mi.getDescriptor(), hasReturn, name);
   601         return name.toString();
   602     }
   603 
   604     private int invokeStaticMethod(byte[] byteCodes, int i, boolean isStatic)
   605     throws IOException {
   606         int methodIndex = readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   607         CPMethodInfo mi = (CPMethodInfo) jc.getConstantPool().get(methodIndex);
   608         boolean[] hasReturn = { false };
   609         int[] cnt = { 0 };
   610         String mn = findMethodName(mi, cnt, hasReturn);
   611         out.append("{ ");
   612         for (int j = cnt[0] - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
   613             out.append("var v" + j).append(" = stack.pop(); ");
   614         }
   615         
   616         if (hasReturn[0]) {
   617             out.append("stack.push(");
   618         }
   619         final String in = mi.getClassName().getInternalName();
   620         out.append(in.replace('/', '_'));
   621         out.append('_');
   622         out.append(mn);
   623         out.append('(');
   624         String sep = "";
   625         if (!isStatic) {
   626             out.append("stack.pop()");
   627             sep = ", ";
   628         }
   629         for (int j = 0; j < cnt[0]; j++) {
   630             out.append(sep);
   631             out.append("v" + j);
   632             sep = ", ";
   633         }
   634         out.append(")");
   635         if (hasReturn[0]) {
   636             out.append(")");
   637         }
   638         out.append("; }");
   639         i += 2;
   640         addReference(in);
   641         return i;
   642     }
   643     private int invokeVirtualMethod(byte[] byteCodes, int i)
   644     throws IOException {
   645         int methodIndex = readIntArg(byteCodes, i);
   646         CPMethodInfo mi = (CPMethodInfo) jc.getConstantPool().get(methodIndex);
   647         boolean[] hasReturn = { false };
   648         int[] cnt = { 0 };
   649         String mn = findMethodName(mi, cnt, hasReturn);
   650         out.append("{ ");
   651         for (int j = cnt[0] - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
   652             out.append("var v" + j).append(" = stack.pop(); ");
   653         }
   654         out.append("var self = stack.pop(); ");
   655         if (hasReturn[0]) {
   656             out.append("stack.push(");
   657         }
   658         out.append("self.");
   659         out.append(mn);
   660         out.append('(');
   661         out.append("self");
   662         for (int j = 0; j < cnt[0]; j++) {
   663             out.append(", ");
   664             out.append("v" + j);
   665         }
   666         out.append(")");
   667         if (hasReturn[0]) {
   668             out.append(")");
   669         }
   670         out.append("; }");
   671         i += 2;
   672         return i;
   673     }
   674     
   675     private void addReference(String cn) {
   676         if (references != null) {
   677             references.add(cn);
   678         }
   679     }
   680 
   681     private void outType(final String d, StringBuilder out) {
   682         if (d.charAt(0) == 'L') {
   683             assert d.charAt(d.length() - 1) == ';';
   684             out.append(d.replace('/', '_').substring(0, d.length() - 1));
   685         } else {
   686             out.append(d);
   687         }
   688     }
   689 }