/**

  * Back 2 Browser Bytecode Translator

  * Copyright (C) 2012 Jaroslav Tulach <jaroslav.tulach@apidesign.org>

  *

  * This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify

  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

  * the Free Software Foundation, version 2 of the License.

  *

  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

  * GNU General Public License for more details.

  *

  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

  * along with this program. Look for COPYING file in the top folder.

  * If not, see http://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-2.0.

  */

 package org.apidesign.vm4brwsr;

 import java.io.IOException;

 import java.io.InputStream;

 import org.apidesign.bck2brwsr.core.JavaScriptBody;

 import org.apidesign.vm4brwsr.ByteCodeParser.ClassData;

 import org.apidesign.vm4brwsr.ByteCodeParser.FieldData;

 import org.apidesign.vm4brwsr.ByteCodeParser.MethodData;

 /** Generator of JavaScript from bytecode of classes on classpath of the VM.

  *

  * @author Jaroslav Tulach <jtulach@netbeans.org>

  */

 abstract class VM extends ByteCodeToJavaScript {

     protected final ClassDataCache classDataCache;

     private final Bck2Brwsr.Resources resources;

     private final ExportedSymbols exportedSymbols;

     private final StringArray invokerMethods;

     private final StringArray asBinary;

     private VM(

         Appendable out, Bck2Brwsr.Resources resources, 

         StringArray explicitlyExported, StringArray asBinary

     ) {

         super(out);

         this.resources = resources;

         this.classDataCache = new ClassDataCache(resources);

         this.exportedSymbols = new ExportedSymbols(resources, explicitlyExported);

         this.invokerMethods = new StringArray();

         this.asBinary = asBinary;

     }

     static {

         // uses VMLazy to load dynamic classes

         boolean assertsOn = false;

         assert assertsOn = true;

         if (assertsOn) {

             VMLazy.init();

             ClassPath.init();

         }

     }

     @Override

     boolean debug(String msg) throws IOException {

         return false;

     }

     static void compile(Appendable out, 

         Bck2Brwsr config

     ) throws IOException {

         String[] both = config.classes().toArray();

         final StringArray fixedNames = new StringArray();

         fixedNames.add(Class.class.getName().replace('.', '/'));

         fixedNames.add(ArithmeticException.class.getName().replace('.', '/'));

         VM vm;

         if (config.isExtension()) {

             fixedNames.add(VM.class.getName().replace('.', '/'));

             vm = new Extension(out, 

                 config.getResources(), both, config.exported(),

                 config.allResources()

             );

         } else {

             if (config.includeVM()) {

                 fixedNames.add(VM.class.getName().replace('.', '/'));

             }

             vm = new Standalone(out, 

                 config.getResources(), config.exported(),

                 config.allResources()

             );

         }            

         vm.doCompile(fixedNames.addAndNew(both));

     }

     private void doCompile(StringArray names) throws IOException {

         generatePrologue();

         append(

                 "\n  var invoker = {};");

         generateBody(names);

         for (String invokerMethod: invokerMethods.toArray()) {

             append("\n  invoker." + invokerMethod + " = function(target) {"

                 + "\n    return function() {"

                 + "\n      return target['" + invokerMethod + "'].apply(target, arguments);"

                 + "\n    };"

                 + "\n  };"

             );

         }

         for (String r : asBinary.toArray()) {

             append("\n  ").append(getExportsObject()).append("['registerResource']('");

             append(r).append("', '");

             InputStream is = this.resources.get(r);

             byte[] arr = new byte[is.available()];

             int offset = 0;

             for (;;) {

                 if (offset == arr.length) {

                     byte[] tmp = new byte[arr.length * 2];

                     System.arraycopy(arr, 0, tmp, 0, arr.length);

                     arr = tmp;

                 }

                 int len = is.read(arr, offset, arr.length - offset);

                 if (len == -1) {

                     break;

                 }

                 offset += len;

             }

             if (offset != arr.length) {

                 byte[] tmp = new byte[offset];

                 System.arraycopy(arr, 0, tmp, 0, offset);

                 arr = tmp;

             }

             append(btoa(arr));

             append("');");

         }

         append("\n");

         generateEpilogue();

     }

     @JavaScriptBody(args = { "arr" }, body = "return btoa(arr);")

     private static String btoa(byte[] arr) {

         return javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter.printBase64Binary(arr);

     }

     protected abstract void generatePrologue() throws IOException;

     protected abstract void generateEpilogue() throws IOException;

     protected abstract String getExportsObject();

     protected abstract boolean isExternalClass(String className);

     @Override

     protected final void declaredClass(ClassData classData, String mangledName)

             throws IOException {

         if (exportedSymbols.isExported(classData)) {

             append("\n").append(getExportsObject()).append("['")

                                                .append(mangledName)

                                                .append("'] = ")

                             .append(accessClass(mangledName))

                .append(";\n");

         }

     }

     protected String generateClass(String className) throws IOException {

         ClassData classData = classDataCache.getClassData(className);

         if (classData == null) {

             throw new IOException("Can't find class " + className);

         }

         return compile(classData);

     }

     @Override

     protected void declaredField(FieldData fieldData,

                                  String destObject,

                                  String mangledName) throws IOException {

         if (exportedSymbols.isExported(fieldData)) {

             exportMember(destObject, mangledName);

         }

     }

     @Override

     protected void declaredMethod(MethodData methodData,

                                   String destObject,

                                   String mangledName) throws IOException {

         if (isHierarchyExported(methodData)) {

             exportMember(destObject, mangledName);

         }

     }

     private void exportMember(String destObject, String memberName)

             throws IOException {

         append("\n").append(destObject).append("['")

                                            .append(memberName)

                                            .append("'] = ")

                         .append(destObject).append(".").append(memberName)

            .append(";\n");

     }

     private void generateBody(StringArray names) throws IOException {

         StringArray processed = new StringArray();

         StringArray initCode = new StringArray();

         StringArray skipClass = new StringArray();

         for (String baseClass : names.toArray()) {

             references.add(baseClass);

             for (;;) {

                 String name = null;

                 for (String n : references.toArray()) {

                     if (skipClass.contains(n)) {

                         continue;

                     }

                     if (processed.contains(n)) {

                         continue;

                     }

                     name = n;

                 }

                 if (name == null) {

                     break;

                 }

                 InputStream is = resources.get(name + ".class");

                 if (is == null) {

                     lazyReference(this, name);

                     skipClass.add(name);

                     continue;

                 }

                 try {

                     String ic = generateClass(name);

                     processed.add(name);

                     initCode.add(ic == null ? "" : ic);

                 } catch (RuntimeException ex) {

                     throw new IOException("Error while compiling " + name + "\n", ex);

                 }

             }

             for (String resource : scripts.toArray()) {

                 while (resource.startsWith("/")) {

                     resource = resource.substring(1);

                 }

                 InputStream emul = resources.get(resource);

                 if (emul == null) {

                     throw new IOException("Can't find " + resource);

                 }

                 readResource(emul, this);

                 asBinary.remove(resource);

             }

             scripts = new StringArray();

             StringArray toInit = StringArray.asList(references.toArray());

             toInit.reverse();

             for (String ic : toInit.toArray()) {

                 int indx = processed.indexOf(ic);

                 if (indx >= 0) {

                     final String theCode = initCode.toArray()[indx];

                     if (!theCode.isEmpty()) {

                         append(theCode).append("\n");

                     }

                     initCode.toArray()[indx] = "";

                 }

             }

         }

     }

     private static void readResource(InputStream emul, Appendable out) throws IOException {

         try {

             int state = 0;

             for (;;) {

                 int ch = emul.read();

                 if (ch == -1) {

                     break;

                 }

                 if (ch < 0 || ch > 255) {

                     throw new IOException("Invalid char in emulation " + ch);

                 }

                 switch (state) {

                     case 0: 

                         if (ch == '/') {

                             state = 1;

                         } else {

                             out.append((char)ch);

                         }

                         break;

                     case 1:

                         if (ch == '*') {

                             state = 2;

                         } else {

                             out.append('/').append((char)ch);

                             state = 0;

                         }

                         break;

                     case 2:

                         if (ch == '*') {

                             state = 3;

                         }

                         break;

                     case 3:

                         if (ch == '/') {

                             state = 0;

                         } else {

                             state = 2;

                         }

                         break;

                 }

             }

         } finally {

             emul.close();

         }

     }

     static String toString(String name) throws IOException {

         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

 //        compile(sb, name);

         return sb.toString().toString();

     }

     private StringArray scripts = new StringArray();

     private StringArray references = new StringArray();

     @Override

     protected boolean requireReference(String cn) {

         if (references.contains(cn)) {

             return false;

         }

         references.add(cn);

         return true;

     }

     @Override

     protected void requireScript(String resourcePath) {

         scripts.add(resourcePath);

     }

     @Override

     String assignClass(String className) {

         return "vm." + className + " = ";

     }

     @Override

     String accessClass(String className) {

         return "vm." + className;

     }

     @Override

     protected String accessField(String object, String mangledName,

                                  String[] fieldInfoName) throws IOException {

         final FieldData field =

                 classDataCache.findField(fieldInfoName[0],

                                          fieldInfoName[1],

                                          fieldInfoName[2]);

         return accessNonVirtualMember(object, mangledName,

                                       (field != null) ? field.cls : null);

     }

     @Override

     protected String accessStaticMethod(

                              String object,

                              String mangledName,

                              String[] fieldInfoName) throws IOException {

         final MethodData method =

                 classDataCache.findMethod(fieldInfoName[0],

                                           fieldInfoName[1],

                                           fieldInfoName[2]);

         return accessNonVirtualMember(object, mangledName,

                                       (method != null) ? method.cls : null);

     }

     @Override

     protected String accessVirtualMethod(

                              String object,

                              String mangledName,

                              String[] fieldInfoName) throws IOException {

         final ClassData referencedClass =

                 classDataCache.getClassData(fieldInfoName[0]);

         final MethodData method =

                 classDataCache.findMethod(referencedClass,

                                           fieldInfoName[1],

                                           fieldInfoName[2]);

         if ((method != null)

                 && !isExternalClass(method.cls.getClassName())

                 && (((method.access & ByteCodeParser.ACC_FINAL) != 0)

                         || ((referencedClass.getAccessFlags()

                                  & ByteCodeParser.ACC_FINAL) != 0)

                         || !isHierarchyExported(method))) {

             return object + "." + mangledName;

         }

         return accessThroughInvoker(object, mangledName);

     }

     private String accessThroughInvoker(String object, String mangledName) {

         if (!invokerMethods.contains(mangledName)) {

             invokerMethods.add(mangledName);

         }

         return "invoker." + mangledName + '(' + object + ')';

     }

     private boolean isHierarchyExported(final MethodData methodData)

             throws IOException {

         if (exportedSymbols.isExported(methodData)) {

             return true;

         }

         if ((methodData.access & (ByteCodeParser.ACC_PRIVATE

                                       | ByteCodeParser.ACC_STATIC)) != 0) {

             return false;

         }

         final ExportedMethodFinder exportedMethodFinder =

                 new ExportedMethodFinder(exportedSymbols);

         classDataCache.findMethods(

                 methodData.cls,

                 methodData.getName(),

                 methodData.getInternalSig(),

                 exportedMethodFinder);

         return (exportedMethodFinder.getFound() != null);

     }

     private String accessNonVirtualMember(String object,

                                           String mangledName,

                                           ClassData declaringClass) {

         return ((declaringClass != null)

                     && !isExternalClass(declaringClass.getClassName()))

                             ? object + "." + mangledName

                             : object + "['" + mangledName + "']";

     }

     private static final class ExportedMethodFinder

             implements ClassDataCache.TraversalCallback<MethodData> {

         private final ExportedSymbols exportedSymbols;

         private MethodData found;

         public ExportedMethodFinder(final ExportedSymbols exportedSymbols) {

             this.exportedSymbols = exportedSymbols;

         }

         @Override

         public boolean traverse(final MethodData methodData) {

             try {

                 if (exportedSymbols.isExported(methodData)) {

                     found = methodData;

                     return false;

                 }

             } catch (final IOException e) {

             }

             return true;

         }

         public MethodData getFound() {

             return found;

         }

     }

     private static final class Standalone extends VM {

         private Standalone(Appendable out,

             Bck2Brwsr.Resources resources, 

             StringArray explicitlyExported, StringArray asBinary

         ) {

             super(out, resources, explicitlyExported, asBinary);

         }

         @Override

         protected void generatePrologue() throws IOException {

             append("(function VM(global) {var fillInVMSkeleton = function(vm) {");

         }

         @Override

         protected void generateEpilogue() throws IOException {

             append(

                   "  return vm;\n"

                 + "  };\n"

                 + "  var extensions = [];\n"

                 + "  function replaceAll(s, target, replacement) {\n"

                 + "    var pos = 0;\n"

                 + "    for (;;) {\n"

                 + "      var indx = s.indexOf(target, pos);\n"

                 + "      if (indx === -1) {\n"

                 + "        return s;\n"

                 + "      }\n"

                 + "      pos = indx + replacement.length;\n"

                 + "      s = s.substring(0, indx) + replacement + s.substring(indx + target.length);\n"

                 + "    }\n"

                 + "  }\n"

                 + "  function mangleClass(name) {\n"

                 + "    name = replaceAll(name, '_', '_1');\n"

                 + "    name = replaceAll(name, '.', '_');\n"

                 + "    return name;\n"

                 + "  };\n"

                 + "  global.bck2brwsr = function() {\n"

                 + "    var args = Array.prototype.slice.apply(arguments);\n"

                 + "    var resources = {};\n"

                 + "    function registerResource(n, a64) {\n"

                 + "      var str = atob(a64);\n"

                 + "      var arr = [];\n"

                 + "      for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {\n"

                 + "        var ch = str.charCodeAt(i) & 0xff;\n"

                 + "        if (ch > 127) ch -= 256;\n"

                 + "        arr.push(ch);\n"

                 + "      }\n"

                 + "      if (!resources[n]) resources[n] = [arr];\n"

                 + "      else resources[n].push(arr);\n"

                 + "    }\n"

                 + "    var vm = fillInVMSkeleton({ 'registerResource' : registerResource });\n"

                 + "    function initVM() {\n"

                 + "      var clsArray = vm['java_lang_reflect_Array'];\n"

                 + "      if (clsArray) clsArray(false);\n"

                 + "    }\n"

                 + "    for (var i = 0; i < extensions.length; ++i) {\n"

                 + "      extensions[i](vm);\n"

                 + "    }\n"

                 + "    vm['registerResource'] = null;\n"

                 + "    var knownExtensions = extensions.length;\n"

                 + "    var loader = {};\n"

                 + "    var loadBytes = function(name, skip) {\n"

                 + "      skip = typeof skip == 'number' ? skip : 0;\n"

                 + "      var arr = resources[name];\n"

                 + "      if (arr) {\n"

                 + "        var arrSize = arr.length;\n"

                 + "        if (skip < arrSize) return arr[skip];\n"

                 + "        skip -= arrSize;\n"

                 + "      } else {\n"

                 + "        var arrSize = 0;\n"

                 + "      };\n"

                 + "      for (var i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {\n"

                 + "        var at = args[i];\n"

                 + "        var ret;\n"

                 + "        if (typeof at === 'function') ret = at(name, skip);\n"

                 + "        else ret = vm['org_apidesign_vm4brwsr_ClassPath'](false).\n"

                 + "          loadBytes___3BLjava_lang_String_2Ljava_lang_Object_2II(name, args, i, skip);\n"

                 + "        if (ret !== null) return ret;\n"

                 + "      }\n"

                 + "      while (knownExtensions < extensions.length) {\n"

                 + "        vm['registerResource'] = registerResource;\n"

                 + "        extensions[knownExtensions++](vm);\n"

                 + "        vm['registerResource'] = null;\n"

                 + "        initVM();\n"

                 + "      }\n"

                 + "      var arr = resources[name];\n"

                 + "      return (arr && arr.length > arrSize) ? arr[arrSize] : null;\n"

                 + "    }\n"

                 + "    var reload = function(name, arr, keep) {;\n"

                 + "      if (!keep) {\n"

                 + "        var attr = mangleClass(name);\n"

                 + "        delete vm[attr];\n"

                 + "      }\n"

                 + "      return vm['org_apidesign_vm4brwsr_VMLazy'](false)\n"

                 + "        ['load__Ljava_lang_Object_2Ljava_lang_Object_2Ljava_lang_String_2_3Ljava_lang_Object_2_3B']\n"

                 + "        (vm, name, args, arr);\n"

                 + "    };\n"

                 + "    loader.loadClass = function(name) {\n"

                 + "      var attr = mangleClass(name);\n"

                 + "      var fn = vm[attr];\n"

                 + "      if (fn) return fn(false);\n"

                 + "      try {\n"

                 + "        var arr = loadBytes(replaceAll(name, '.', '/') + '.class');\n"

                 + "        return reload(name, arr, true);\n"

                 + "      } catch (err) {\n"

                 + "        fn = vm[attr];\n"

                 + "        if (fn) return fn(false);\n"

                 + "        throw err;\n"

                 + "      }\n"

                 + "    }\n"

                 + "    if (vm['loadClass']) {\n"

                 + "      throw 'Cannot initialize the bck2brwsr VM twice!';\n"

                 + "    }\n"

                 + "    vm['loadClass'] = loader.loadClass;\n"

                 + "    vm['_reload'] = reload;\n"

                 + "    vm['loadBytes'] = loadBytes;\n"

                 + "    initVM();\n"

                 + "    return loader;\n"

                 + "  };\n");

             append(

                   "  global.bck2brwsr.registerExtension = function(extension) {\n"

                 + "    extensions.push(extension);\n"

                 + "    return null;\n"

                 + "  };\n");

             append("}(this));");

         }

         @Override

         protected String getExportsObject() {

             return "vm";

         }

         @Override

         protected boolean isExternalClass(String className) {

             return false;

         }

     }

     private static final class Extension extends VM {

         private final StringArray extensionClasses;

         private Extension(Appendable out, Bck2Brwsr.Resources resources,

             String[] extClassesArray, StringArray explicitlyExported,

             StringArray asBinary

         ) {

             super(out, resources, explicitlyExported, asBinary);

             this.extensionClasses = StringArray.asList(extClassesArray);

         }

         @Override

         protected void generatePrologue() throws IOException {

             append("bck2brwsr.registerExtension(function(exports) {\n"

                            + "  var vm = {};\n");

             append("  function link(n) {\n"

                 + "    return function() {\n"

                 + "      var cls = n['replace__Ljava_lang_String_2CC']"

                                        + "('/', '_').toString();\n"

                 + "      var dot = n['replace__Ljava_lang_String_2CC']"

                                        + "('/', '.').toString();\n"

                 + "      exports.loadClass(dot);\n"

                 + "      vm[cls] = exports[cls];\n"

                 + "      return vm[cls](arguments);\n"

                 + "    };\n"

                 + "  };\n"

             );

         }

         @Override

         protected void generateEpilogue() throws IOException {

             append("});");

         }

         @Override

         protected String generateClass(String className) throws IOException {

             if (isExternalClass(className)) {

                 append("\n").append(assignClass(

                                             className.replace('/', '_')))

                    .append("link('")

                    .append(className)

                    .append("');");

                 return null;

             }

             return super.generateClass(className);

         }

         @Override

         protected String getExportsObject() {

             return "exports";

         }

         @Override

         protected boolean isExternalClass(String className) {

             return !extensionClasses.contains(className);

         }

     }

     private static void lazyReference(Appendable out, String n) throws IOException {

         String cls = n.replace('/', '_');

         String dot = n.replace('/', '.');

         out.append("\nvm.").append(cls).append(" = function() {");

         out.append("\n  var instance = arguments.length == 0 || arguments[0] === true;");

         out.append("\n  delete vm.").append(cls).append(";");

         out.append("\n  var c = vm.loadClass('").append(dot).append("');");

         out.append("\n  return vm.").append(cls).append("(instance);");

         out.append("\n}");

     }

 }