2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
28 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
29 import org.apidesign.bck2brwsr.emul.reflect.AnnotationImpl;
30 import java.io.InputStream;
31 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
32 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
33 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
34 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
36 import org.apidesign.bck2brwsr.core.JavaScriptBody;
37 import org.apidesign.bck2brwsr.emul.reflect.MethodImpl;
40 * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and
41 * interfaces in a running Java application. An enum is a kind of
42 * class and an annotation is a kind of interface. Every array also
43 * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object
44 * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number
45 * of dimensions. The primitive Java types ({@code boolean},
46 * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short},
47 * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and
48 * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also
49 * represented as {@code Class} objects.
51 * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class}
52 * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes
53 * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class
56 * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the
57 * class name of an object:
59 * <p> <blockquote><pre>
60 * void printClassName(Object obj) {
61 * System.out.println("The class of " + obj +
62 * " is " + obj.getClass().getName());
66 * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named
67 * type (or for void) using a class literal. See Section 15.8.2 of
68 * <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>.
72 * {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());}
75 * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class}
76 * object. For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code
77 * Class<String>}. Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is
81 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int)
85 class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
86 java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration,
87 java.lang.reflect.Type,
88 java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement {
89 private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;
90 private static final int ENUM = 0x00004000;
91 private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;
94 * Constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class
101 * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the
102 * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the
103 * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by
104 * {@code getName}. If this {@code Class} object represents a
105 * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type. If
106 * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns
109 * @return a string representation of this class object.
111 public String toString() {
112 return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class "))
118 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
119 * interface with the given string name. Invoking this method is
123 * {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)}
126 * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of
129 * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the
130 * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named
131 * {@code java.lang.Thread}:
134 * {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")}
137 * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named
138 * {@code X} to be initialized.
140 * @param className the fully qualified name of the desired class.
141 * @return the {@code Class} object for the class with the
143 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
144 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
145 * by this method fails
146 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located
148 public static Class<?> forName(String className)
149 throws ClassNotFoundException {
150 if (className.startsWith("[")) {
151 Class<?> arrType = defineArray(className);
152 Class<?> c = arrType;
153 while (c != null && c.isArray()) {
154 c = c.getComponentType0(); // verify component type is sane
159 Class<?> c = loadCls(className, className.replace('.', '_'));
161 throw new ClassNotFoundException(className);
164 } catch (Throwable ex) {
165 throw new ClassNotFoundException(className, ex);
171 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
172 * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader.
173 * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same
174 * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to
175 * locate, load, and link the class or interface. The specified class
176 * loader is used to load the class or interface. If the parameter
177 * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap
178 * class loader. The class is initialized only if the
179 * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has
180 * not been initialized earlier.
182 * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt
183 * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose
184 * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to
185 * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive
188 * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of
189 * the array class is loaded but not initialized.
191 * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression:
194 * {@code Class.forName("Foo")}
200 * {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())}
203 * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or
204 * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The
205 * Java Language Specification</em>.
206 * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class
207 * is accessible to its caller.
209 * <p> If the {@code loader} is {@code null}, and a security
210 * manager is present, and the caller's class loader is not null, then this
211 * method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission} method
212 * with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission to
213 * ensure it's ok to access the bootstrap class loader.
215 * @param name fully qualified name of the desired class
216 * @param initialize whether the class must be initialized
217 * @param loader class loader from which the class must be loaded
218 * @return class object representing the desired class
220 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
221 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
222 * by this method fails
223 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by
224 * the specified class loader
226 * @see java.lang.Class#forName(String)
227 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
230 public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,
232 throws ClassNotFoundException
234 return forName(name);
237 @JavaScriptBody(args = {"n", "c" }, body =
239 + " if (vm.loadClass) {\n"
240 + " vm.loadClass(n);\n"
242 + " if (!vm[c]) return null;\n"
245 + "return vm[c].$class;"
247 private static native Class<?> loadCls(String n, String c);
251 * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class}
252 * object. The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new}
253 * expression with an empty argument list. The class is initialized if it
254 * has not already been initialized.
256 * <p>Note that this method propagates any exception thrown by the
257 * nullary constructor, including a checked exception. Use of
258 * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception
259 * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler.
261 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...)
262 * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping
263 * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link
264 * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}.
266 * @return a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this
268 * @exception IllegalAccessException if the class or its nullary
269 * constructor is not accessible.
270 * @exception InstantiationException
271 * if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class,
272 * an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void;
273 * or if the class has no nullary constructor;
274 * or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.
275 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization
276 * provoked by this method fails.
277 * @exception SecurityException
278 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
279 * following conditions is met:
284 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
285 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
286 * creation of new instances of this class
288 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
289 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
290 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
291 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
297 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "self", "illegal" }, body =
298 "\nvar c = self.cnstr;"
299 + "\nif (c['cons__V']) {"
300 + "\n if ((c.cons__V.access & 0x1) != 0) {"
301 + "\n var inst = c();"
302 + "\n c.cons__V.call(inst);"
305 + "\n return illegal;"
309 private static native Object newInstance0(Class<?> self, Object illegal);
311 public T newInstance()
312 throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
314 Object illegal = new Object();
315 Object inst = newInstance0(this, illegal);
317 throw new InstantiationException(getName());
319 if (inst == illegal) {
320 throw new IllegalAccessException();
326 * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible
327 * with the object represented by this {@code Class}. This method is
328 * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof}
329 * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified
330 * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the
331 * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without
332 * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false}
335 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a
336 * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified
337 * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or
338 * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
339 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method
340 * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument
341 * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity
342 * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns
343 * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object
344 * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the
345 * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument
346 * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
347 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method
348 * returns {@code false}.
350 * @param obj the object to check
351 * @return true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class
355 public boolean isInstance(Object obj) {
360 return isAssignableFrom(obj.getClass());
363 String prop = "$instOf_" + getName().replace('.', '_');
364 return hasProperty(obj, prop);
367 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "who", "prop" }, body =
368 "if (who[prop]) return true; else return false;"
370 private static native boolean hasProperty(Object who, String prop);
374 * Determines if the class or interface represented by this
375 * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or
376 * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified
377 * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so;
378 * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class}
379 * object represents a primitive type, this method returns
380 * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is
381 * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns
384 * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the
385 * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type
386 * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion
387 * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language
388 * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.
390 * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked
391 * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the
392 * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class
393 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is
397 public boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls) {
403 final Class<?> cmpType = cls.getComponentType();
405 return this == cmpType;
407 return cmpType != null && getComponentType().isAssignableFrom(cmpType);
412 if (cls.isPrimitive()) {
415 String prop = "$instOf_" + getName().replace('.', '_');
416 return hasCnstrProperty(cls, prop);
420 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "who", "prop" }, body =
421 "if (who.cnstr.prototype[prop]) return true; else return false;"
423 private static native boolean hasCnstrProperty(Object who, String prop);
427 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an
430 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an interface;
431 * {@code false} otherwise.
433 public boolean isInterface() {
434 return (getAccess() & 0x200) != 0;
437 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body = "return this.access;")
438 private native int getAccess();
442 * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class.
444 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an array class;
445 * {@code false} otherwise.
448 public boolean isArray() {
449 return hasProperty(this, "array"); // NOI18N
454 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a
457 * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent
458 * the eight primitive types and void. These are created by the Java
459 * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that
460 * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte},
461 * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int},
462 * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}.
464 * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static
465 * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which
466 * this method returns {@code true}.
468 * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type
470 * @see java.lang.Boolean#TYPE
471 * @see java.lang.Character#TYPE
472 * @see java.lang.Byte#TYPE
473 * @see java.lang.Short#TYPE
474 * @see java.lang.Integer#TYPE
475 * @see java.lang.Long#TYPE
476 * @see java.lang.Float#TYPE
477 * @see java.lang.Double#TYPE
478 * @see java.lang.Void#TYPE
481 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body =
482 "if (this.primitive) return true;"
483 + "else return false;"
485 public native boolean isPrimitive();
488 * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation
489 * type. Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()}
490 * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.
492 * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation
493 * type; {@code false} otherwise
496 public boolean isAnnotation() {
497 return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;
501 * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class;
502 * returns {@code false} otherwise.
503 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as
504 * defined by the Java Language Specification.
507 public boolean isSynthetic() {
508 return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
512 * Returns the name of the entity (class, interface, array class,
513 * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object,
514 * as a {@code String}.
516 * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an
517 * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified
519 * <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>.
521 * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the
522 * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language
523 * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.
525 * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal
526 * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by
527 * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array
528 * nesting. The encoding of element type names is as follows:
530 * <blockquote><table summary="Element types and encodings">
531 * <tr><th> Element Type <th> <th> Encoding
532 * <tr><td> boolean <td> <td align=center> Z
533 * <tr><td> byte <td> <td align=center> B
534 * <tr><td> char <td> <td align=center> C
535 * <tr><td> class or interface
536 * <td> <td align=center> L<i>classname</i>;
537 * <tr><td> double <td> <td align=center> D
538 * <tr><td> float <td> <td align=center> F
539 * <tr><td> int <td> <td align=center> I
540 * <tr><td> long <td> <td align=center> J
541 * <tr><td> short <td> <td align=center> S
542 * </table></blockquote>
544 * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of
545 * the class specified above.
549 * String.class.getName()
550 * returns "java.lang.String"
551 * byte.class.getName()
553 * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName()
554 * returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"
555 * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()
557 * </pre></blockquote>
559 * @return the name of the class or interface
560 * represented by this object.
562 public String getName() {
563 return jvmName().replace('/', '.');
566 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body = "return this.jvmName;")
567 private native String jvmName();
571 * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the
572 * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this
573 * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order. Returns an
574 * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type
577 * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent
578 * the type variables declared by this generic declaration
579 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
580 * signature of this generic declaration does not conform to
581 * the format specified in
582 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
585 public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() {
586 throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
590 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the superclass of the entity
591 * (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this
592 * {@code Class}. If this {@code Class} represents either the
593 * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then
594 * null is returned. If this object represents an array class then the
595 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
598 * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object.
600 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body = "return this.superclass;")
601 public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass();
604 * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded
605 * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's
606 * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected},
607 * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static},
608 * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded
609 * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}.
611 * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its
612 * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected}
613 * modifiers are the same as those of its component type. If this
614 * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its
615 * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its
616 * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always
617 * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a
618 * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always
619 * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always
620 * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined
621 * by this specification.
623 * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine
624 * Specification</em>, table 4.1.
626 * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class
627 * @see java.lang.reflect.Modifier
630 public int getModifiers() {
636 * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the
637 * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is
640 * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the
641 * component type with "[]" appended. In particular the simple
642 * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".
644 * @return the simple name of the underlying class
647 public String getSimpleName() {
649 return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]";
651 String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName();
652 if (simpleName == null) { // top level class
653 simpleName = getName();
654 return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf(".")+1); // strip the package name
656 // According to JLS3 "Binary Compatibility" (13.1) the binary
657 // name of non-package classes (not top level) is the binary
658 // name of the immediately enclosing class followed by a '$' followed by:
659 // (for nested and inner classes): the simple name.
660 // (for local classes): 1 or more digits followed by the simple name.
661 // (for anonymous classes): 1 or more digits.
663 // Since getSimpleBinaryName() will strip the binary name of
664 // the immediatly enclosing class, we are now looking at a
665 // string that matches the regular expression "\$[0-9]*"
666 // followed by a simple name (considering the simple of an
667 // anonymous class to be the empty string).
669 // Remove leading "\$[0-9]*" from the name
670 int length = simpleName.length();
671 if (length < 1 || simpleName.charAt(0) != '$')
672 throw new IllegalStateException("Malformed class name");
674 while (index < length && isAsciiDigit(simpleName.charAt(index)))
676 // Eventually, this is the empty string iff this is an anonymous class
677 return simpleName.substring(index);
681 * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e.,
682 * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name.
683 * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level
686 private String getSimpleBinaryName() {
687 Class<?> enclosingClass = null; // XXX getEnclosingClass();
688 if (enclosingClass == null) // top level class
690 // Otherwise, strip the enclosing class' name
692 return getName().substring(enclosingClass.getName().length());
693 } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
694 throw new IllegalStateException("Malformed class name");
699 * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all
700 * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by
701 * this {@code Class} object. The elements in the array returned are
702 * not sorted and are not in any particular order. This method returns an
703 * array of length 0 if the class or interface has no accessible public
704 * fields, or if it represents an array class, a primitive type, or void.
706 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a class,
707 * this method returns the public fields of this class and of all its
708 * superclasses. If this {@code Class} object represents an
709 * interface, this method returns the fields of this interface and of all
710 * its superinterfaces.
712 * <p> The implicit length field for array class is not reflected by this
713 * method. User code should use the methods of class {@code Array} to
716 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
718 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the
720 * @exception SecurityException
721 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
722 * following conditions is met:
727 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
728 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
729 * access to the fields within this class
731 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
732 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
733 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
734 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
741 public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException {
742 throw new SecurityException();
746 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all
747 * the public <em>member</em> methods of the class or interface represented
748 * by this {@code Class} object, including those declared by the class
749 * or interface and those inherited from superclasses and
750 * superinterfaces. Array classes return all the (public) member methods
751 * inherited from the {@code Object} class. The elements in the array
752 * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. This
753 * method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object
754 * represents a class or interface that has no public member methods, or if
755 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type or void.
757 * <p> The class initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not
758 * included in the returned array. If the class declares multiple public
759 * member methods with the same parameter types, they are all included in
760 * the returned array.
762 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
764 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the
765 * public methods of this class
766 * @exception SecurityException
767 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
768 * following conditions is met:
773 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
774 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
775 * access to the methods within this class
777 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
778 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
779 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
780 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
787 public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {
788 return MethodImpl.findMethods(this, 0x01);
792 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public
793 * member field of the class or interface represented by this
794 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
795 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired field.
797 * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that
798 * follows. Let C be the class represented by this object:
800 * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the
801 * field to be reflected.</LI>
802 * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied
803 * recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct
804 * superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI>
805 * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a
806 * superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S.
807 * If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException}
811 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
813 * @param name the field name
814 * @return the {@code Field} object of this class specified by
816 * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
818 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
819 * @exception SecurityException
820 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
821 * following conditions is met:
826 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
827 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
828 * access to the field
830 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
831 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
832 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
833 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
840 public Field getField(String name)
841 throws SecurityException {
842 throw new SecurityException();
847 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public
848 * member method of the class or interface represented by this
849 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
850 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The
851 * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class}
852 * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared
853 * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is
854 * treated as if it were an empty array.
856 * <p> If the {@code name} is "{@code <init>};"or "{@code <clinit>}" a
857 * {@code NoSuchMethodException} is raised. Otherwise, the method to
858 * be reflected is determined by the algorithm that follows. Let C be the
859 * class represented by this object:
861 * <LI> C is searched for any <I>matching methods</I>. If no matching
862 * method is found, the algorithm of step 1 is invoked recursively on
863 * the superclass of C.</LI>
864 * <LI> If no method was found in step 1 above, the superinterfaces of C
865 * are searched for a matching method. If any such method is found, it
869 * To find a matching method in a class C: If C declares exactly one
870 * public method with the specified name and exactly the same formal
871 * parameter types, that is the method reflected. If more than one such
872 * method is found in C, and one of these methods has a return type that is
873 * more specific than any of the others, that method is reflected;
874 * otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.
876 * <p>Note that there may be more than one matching method in a
877 * class because while the Java language forbids a class to
878 * declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
879 * return types, the Java virtual machine does not. This
880 * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
881 * implement various language features. For example, covariant
882 * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
883 * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
884 * method and the method being overridden would have the same
885 * signature but different return types.
887 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
889 * @param name the name of the method
890 * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters
891 * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified
892 * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}
893 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found
894 * or if the name is "<init>"or "<clinit>".
895 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
896 * @exception SecurityException
897 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
898 * following conditions is met:
903 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
904 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
905 * access to the method
907 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
908 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
909 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
910 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
917 public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
918 throws SecurityException, NoSuchMethodException {
919 Method m = MethodImpl.findMethod(this, name, parameterTypes);
921 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
922 sb.append(getName()).append('.').append(name).append('(');
924 for (int i = 0; i < parameterTypes.length; i++) {
925 sb.append(sep).append(parameterTypes[i].getName());
929 throw new NoSuchMethodException(sb.toString());
935 * Returns an array of {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
936 * methods declared by the class or interface represented by this
937 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
938 * (package) access, and private methods, but excludes inherited methods.
939 * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
940 * particular order. This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
941 * or interface declares no methods, or if this {@code Class} object
942 * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void. The class
943 * initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not included in the
944 * returned array. If the class declares multiple public member methods
945 * with the same parameter types, they are all included in the returned
948 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
950 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the
951 * declared methods of this class
952 * @exception SecurityException
953 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
954 * following conditions is met:
959 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
960 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
961 * access to the declared methods within this class
963 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
964 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
965 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
966 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
973 public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {
974 throw new SecurityException();
978 * Returns an array of {@code Field} objects reflecting all the fields
979 * declared by the class or interface represented by this
980 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
981 * (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.
982 * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
983 * particular order. This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
984 * or interface declares no fields, or if this {@code Class} object
985 * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.
987 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
989 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing all the
990 * declared fields of this class
991 * @exception SecurityException
992 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
993 * following conditions is met:
998 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
999 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1000 * access to the declared fields within this class
1002 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1003 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1004 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1005 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1012 public Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException {
1013 throw new SecurityException();
1017 * <b>Bck2Brwsr</b> emulation can only seek public methods, otherwise it
1018 * throws a {@code SecurityException}.
1020 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified
1021 * declared method of the class or interface represented by this
1022 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1023 * {@code String} that specifies the simple name of the desired
1024 * method, and the {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1025 * {@code Class} objects that identify the method's formal parameter
1026 * types, in declared order. If more than one method with the same
1027 * parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a
1028 * return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is
1029 * returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily. If the
1030 * name is "<init>"or "<clinit>" a {@code NoSuchMethodException}
1033 * @param name the name of the method
1034 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1035 * @return the {@code Method} object for the method of this class
1036 * matching the specified name and parameters
1037 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1038 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1039 * @exception SecurityException
1040 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1041 * following conditions is met:
1045 * <li> invocation of
1046 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1047 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1048 * access to the declared method
1050 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1051 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1052 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1053 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1060 public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1061 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1063 return getMethod(name, parameterTypes);
1064 } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
1065 throw new SecurityException();
1070 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified declared
1071 * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}
1072 * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} that
1073 * specifies the simple name of the desired field. Note that this method
1074 * will not reflect the {@code length} field of an array class.
1076 * @param name the name of the field
1077 * @return the {@code Field} object for the specified field in this
1079 * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1081 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1082 * @exception SecurityException
1083 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1084 * following conditions is met:
1088 * <li> invocation of
1089 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1090 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1091 * access to the declared field
1093 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1094 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1095 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1096 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1103 public Field getDeclaredField(String name)
1104 throws SecurityException {
1105 throw new SecurityException();
1109 * Character.isDigit answers {@code true} to some non-ascii
1110 * digits. This one does not.
1112 private static boolean isAsciiDigit(char c) {
1113 return '0' <= c && c <= '9';
1117 * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as
1118 * defined by the Java Language Specification. Returns null if
1119 * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if
1120 * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component
1121 * type does not have a canonical name).
1122 * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and
1123 * {@code null} otherwise.
1126 public String getCanonicalName() {
1128 String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName();
1129 if (canonicalName != null)
1130 return canonicalName + "[]";
1134 // if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass())
1136 // Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1137 Class<?> enclosingClass = null;
1138 if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class
1141 String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName();
1142 if (enclosingName == null)
1144 return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName();
1149 * Finds a resource with a given name. The rules for searching resources
1150 * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
1151 * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
1152 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
1153 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
1154 * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}.
1156 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
1157 * given resource name using this algorithm:
1161 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
1162 * (<tt>'\u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
1163 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
1165 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
1168 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
1171 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
1172 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
1173 * (<tt>'\u002e'</tt>).
1177 * @param name name of the desired resource
1178 * @return A {@link java.io.InputStream} object or {@code null} if
1179 * no resource with this name is found
1180 * @throws NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
1183 public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {
1184 name = resolveName(name);
1185 byte[] arr = getResourceAsStream0(name);
1186 return arr == null ? null : new ByteArrayInputStream(arr);
1189 @JavaScriptBody(args = "name", body =
1190 "return (vm.loadBytes) ? vm.loadBytes(name) : null;"
1192 private static native byte[] getResourceAsStream0(String name);
1195 * Finds a resource with a given name. The rules for searching resources
1196 * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
1197 * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
1198 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
1199 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
1200 * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}.
1202 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
1203 * given resource name using this algorithm:
1207 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
1208 * (<tt>'\u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
1209 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
1211 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
1214 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
1217 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
1218 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
1219 * (<tt>'\u002e'</tt>).
1223 * @param name name of the desired resource
1224 * @return A {@link java.net.URL} object or {@code null} if no
1225 * resource with this name is found
1228 public java.net.URL getResource(String name) {
1229 InputStream is = getResourceAsStream(name);
1230 return is == null ? null : newResourceURL(URL.class, "res:/" + name, is);
1233 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "url", "spec", "is" }, body =
1234 "var u = url.cnstr(true);\n"
1235 + "u.constructor.cons__VLjava_lang_String_2Ljava_io_InputStream_2.call(u, spec, is);\n"
1238 private static native URL newResourceURL(Class<URL> url, String spec, InputStream is);
1241 * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"
1242 * if name is absolute
1244 private String resolveName(String name) {
1248 if (!name.startsWith("/")) {
1250 while (c.isArray()) {
1251 c = c.getComponentType();
1253 String baseName = c.getName();
1254 int index = baseName.lastIndexOf('.');
1256 name = baseName.substring(0, index).replace('.', '/')
1260 name = name.substring(1);
1266 * Returns the class loader for the class. Some implementations may use
1267 * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return
1268 * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap
1271 * <p> If a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader is
1272 * not null and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of
1273 * the class loader for the class whose class loader is requested, then
1274 * this method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission}
1275 * method with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")}
1276 * permission to ensure it's ok to access the class loader for the class.
1279 * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.
1281 * @return the class loader that loaded the class or interface
1282 * represented by this object.
1283 * @throws SecurityException
1284 * if a security manager exists and its
1285 * {@code checkPermission} method denies
1286 * access to the class loader for the class.
1287 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
1288 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
1289 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
1291 public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
1292 throw new SecurityException();
1296 * Determines the interfaces implemented by the class or interface
1297 * represented by this object.
1299 * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
1300 * containing objects representing all interfaces implemented by the
1301 * class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to
1302 * the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause
1303 * of the declaration of the class represented by this object. For
1304 * example, given the declaration:
1306 * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }}
1308 * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of
1309 * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression:
1311 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]}
1313 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
1314 * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of:
1316 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]}
1318 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
1319 * {@code DessertTopping}.
1321 * <p> If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
1322 * representing all interfaces extended by the interface. The order of the
1323 * interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface
1324 * names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the
1325 * interface represented by this object.
1327 * <p> If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
1328 * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
1330 * <p> If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
1331 * returns an array of length 0.
1333 * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class.
1335 public native Class<?>[] getInterfaces();
1338 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an
1339 * array. If this class does not represent an array class this method
1342 * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this
1343 * class if this class is an array
1344 * @see java.lang.reflect.Array
1347 public Class<?> getComponentType() {
1350 return getComponentType0();
1351 } catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
1352 throw new IllegalStateException(cnfe);
1358 private Class<?> getComponentType0() throws ClassNotFoundException {
1359 String n = getName().substring(1);
1360 switch (n.charAt(0)) {
1362 n = n.substring(1, n.length() - 1);
1363 return Class.forName(n);
1365 return Integer.TYPE;
1375 return Boolean.TYPE;
1381 return Character.TYPE;
1383 return defineArray(n);
1385 throw new ClassNotFoundException("Unknown component type of " + getName());
1389 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "sig" }, body =
1390 "if (!sig) sig = '[Ljava/lang/Object;';\n" +
1391 "var c = Array[sig];\n" +
1392 "if (c) return c;\n" +
1393 "c = vm.java_lang_Class(true);\n" +
1394 "c.jvmName = sig;\n" +
1395 "c.superclass = vm.java_lang_Object(false).$class;\n" +
1396 "c.array = true;\n" +
1397 "Array[sig] = c;\n" +
1400 private static native Class<?> defineArray(String sig);
1403 * Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
1406 * @return true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
1410 public boolean isEnum() {
1411 // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have
1412 // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants
1413 // don't do the former.
1414 return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 &&
1415 this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class;
1419 * Casts an object to the class or interface represented
1420 * by this {@code Class} object.
1422 * @param obj the object to be cast
1423 * @return the object after casting, or null if obj is null
1425 * @throws ClassCastException if the object is not
1426 * null and is not assignable to the type T.
1430 public T cast(Object obj) {
1431 if (obj != null && !isInstance(obj))
1432 throw new ClassCastException(cannotCastMsg(obj));
1436 private String cannotCastMsg(Object obj) {
1437 return "Cannot cast " + obj.getClass().getName() + " to " + getName();
1441 * Casts this {@code Class} object to represent a subclass of the class
1442 * represented by the specified class object. Checks that that the cast
1443 * is valid, and throws a {@code ClassCastException} if it is not. If
1444 * this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object.
1446 * <p>This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of
1447 * a {@code Class} object to pass it to an API that restricts the
1448 * {@code Class} objects that it is willing to accept. A cast would
1449 * generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast
1450 * could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented
1453 * @return this {@code Class} object, cast to represent a subclass of
1454 * the specified class object.
1455 * @throws ClassCastException if this {@code Class} object does not
1456 * represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes
1457 * the class itself).
1460 public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz) {
1461 if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(this))
1462 return (Class<? extends U>) this;
1464 throw new ClassCastException(this.toString());
1467 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "ac" },
1470 + " return this.anno['L' + ac.jvmName + ';'];"
1471 + "} else return null;"
1473 private Object getAnnotationData(Class<?> annotationClass) {
1474 throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
1477 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
1480 public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
1481 Object data = getAnnotationData(annotationClass);
1482 return data == null ? null : AnnotationImpl.create(annotationClass, data);
1486 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
1489 @JavaScriptBody(args = { "ac" },
1490 body = "if (this.anno && this.anno['L' + ac.jvmName + ';']) { return true; }"
1491 + "else return false;"
1493 public boolean isAnnotationPresent(
1494 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
1495 if (annotationClass == null)
1496 throw new NullPointerException();
1498 return getAnnotation(annotationClass) != null;
1501 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body = "return this.anno;")
1502 private Object getAnnotationData() {
1503 throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
1509 public Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
1510 Object data = getAnnotationData();
1511 return data == null ? new Annotation[0] : AnnotationImpl.create(data);
1517 public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations() {
1518 throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
1521 @JavaScriptBody(args = "type", body = ""
1522 + "var c = vm.java_lang_Class(true);"
1523 + "c.jvmName = type;"
1524 + "c.primitive = true;"
1527 native static Class getPrimitiveClass(String type);
1529 @JavaScriptBody(args = {}, body =
1530 "return vm.desiredAssertionStatus ? vm.desiredAssertionStatus : false;"
1532 public native boolean desiredAssertionStatus();