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29 * {@code RuntimeException} is the superclass of those
30 * exceptions that can be thrown during the normal operation of the
31 * Java Virtual Machine.
33 * <p>{@code RuntimeException} and its subclasses are <em>unchecked
34 * exceptions</em>. Unchecked exceptions do <em>not</em> need to be
35 * declared in a method or constructor's {@code throws} clause if they
36 * can be thrown by the execution of the method or constructor and
37 * propagate outside the method or constructor boundary.
39 * @author Frank Yellin
40 * @jls 11.2 Compile-Time Checking of Exceptions
43 public class RuntimeException extends Exception {
44 static final long serialVersionUID = -7034897190745766939L;
46 /** Constructs a new runtime exception with {@code null} as its
47 * detail message. The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be
48 * initialized by a call to {@link #initCause}.
50 public RuntimeException() {
54 /** Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message.
55 * The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by a
56 * call to {@link #initCause}.
58 * @param message the detail message. The detail message is saved for
59 * later retrieval by the {@link #getMessage()} method.
61 public RuntimeException(String message) {
66 * Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message and
67 * cause. <p>Note that the detail message associated with
68 * {@code cause} is <i>not</i> automatically incorporated in
69 * this runtime exception's detail message.
71 * @param message the detail message (which is saved for later retrieval
72 * by the {@link #getMessage()} method).
73 * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
74 * {@link #getCause()} method). (A <tt>null</tt> value is
75 * permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
79 public RuntimeException(String message, Throwable cause) {
80 super(message, cause);
83 /** Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified cause and a
84 * detail message of <tt>(cause==null ? null : cause.toString())</tt>
85 * (which typically contains the class and detail message of
86 * <tt>cause</tt>). This constructor is useful for runtime exceptions
87 * that are little more than wrappers for other throwables.
89 * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
90 * {@link #getCause()} method). (A <tt>null</tt> value is
91 * permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
95 public RuntimeException(Throwable cause) {
100 * Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail
101 * message, cause, suppression enabled or disabled, and writable
102 * stack trace enabled or disabled.
104 * @param message the detail message.
105 * @param cause the cause. (A {@code null} value is permitted,
106 * and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or unknown.)
107 * @param enableSuppression whether or not suppression is enabled
109 * @param writableStackTrace whether or not the stack trace should
114 protected RuntimeException(String message, Throwable cause,
115 boolean enableSuppression,
116 boolean writableStackTrace) {
117 super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);