- * For example, it is not generally permissible for one thread to modify a Collection - * while another thread is iterating over it. In general, the results of the - * iteration are undefined under these circumstances. Some Iterator - * implementations (including those of all the general purpose collection implementations - * provided by the JRE) may choose to throw this exception if this behavior is - * detected. Iterators that do this are known as fail-fast iterators, - * as they fail quickly and cleanly, rather that risking arbitrary, - * non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined time in the future. - *
- * Note that this exception does not always indicate that an object has - * been concurrently modified by a different thread. If a single - * thread issues a sequence of method invocations that violates the - * contract of an object, the object may throw this exception. For - * example, if a thread modifies a collection directly while it is - * iterating over the collection with a fail-fast iterator, the iterator - * will throw this exception. - * - *
Note that fail-fast behavior cannot be guaranteed as it is, generally - * speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the presence of - * unsynchronized concurrent modification. Fail-fast operations - * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis. - * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this - * exception for its correctness: {@code ConcurrentModificationException} - * should be used only to detect bugs. - * - * @author Josh Bloch - * @see Collection - * @see Iterator - * @see ListIterator - * @see Vector - * @see LinkedList - * @see HashSet - * @see Hashtable - * @see TreeMap - * @see AbstractList - * @since 1.2 - */ -public class ConcurrentModificationException extends RuntimeException { - private static final long serialVersionUID = -3666751008965953603L; - - /** - * Constructs a ConcurrentModificationException with no - * detail message. - */ - public ConcurrentModificationException() { - } - - /** - * Constructs a {@code ConcurrentModificationException} with the - * specified detail message. - * - * @param message the detail message pertaining to this exception. - */ - public ConcurrentModificationException(String message) { - super(message); - } - - /** - * Constructs a new exception with the specified cause and a detail - * message of {@code (cause==null ? null : cause.toString())} (which - * typically contains the class and detail message of {@code cause}. - * - * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the - * {@link Throwable#getCause()} method). (A {@code null} value is - * permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or - * unknown.) - * @since 1.7 - */ - public ConcurrentModificationException(Throwable cause) { - super(cause); - } - - /** - * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message and - * cause. - * - *
Note that the detail message associated with cause is
- * not automatically incorporated in this exception's detail
- * message.
- *
- * @param message the detail message (which is saved for later retrieval
- * by the {@link Throwable#getMessage()} method).
- * @param cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
- * {@link Throwable#getCause()} method). (A {@code null} value
- * is permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
- * unknown.)
- * @since 1.7
- */
- public ConcurrentModificationException(String message, Throwable cause) {
- super(message, cause);
- }
-}