# HG changeset patch
# User Jaroslav Tulach <jaroslav.tulach@apidesign.org>
# Date 1348911466 -7200
# Node ID e4d7540b796aa33ededa5ad17527341c8a951afd
# Parent  a2924470187b3f2b4463d2e3913ef0cc83b48586
Adding also strict math

diff -r a2924470187b -r e4d7540b796a emul/src/main/java/java/lang/StrictMath.java
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/emul/src/main/java/java/lang/StrictMath.java	Sat Sep 29 11:37:46 2012 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,1468 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 1999, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
+ * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
+ * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+
+package java.lang;
+import java.util.Random;
+import sun.misc.FpUtils;
+import sun.misc.DoubleConsts;
+
+/**
+ * The class {@code StrictMath} contains methods for performing basic
+ * numeric operations such as the elementary exponential, logarithm,
+ * square root, and trigonometric functions.
+ *
+ * <p>To help ensure portability of Java programs, the definitions of
+ * some of the numeric functions in this package require that they
+ * produce the same results as certain published algorithms. These
+ * algorithms are available from the well-known network library
+ * {@code netlib} as the package "Freely Distributable Math
+ * Library," <a
+ * href="ftp://ftp.netlib.org/fdlibm.tar">{@code fdlibm}</a>. These
+ * algorithms, which are written in the C programming language, are
+ * then to be understood as executed with all floating-point
+ * operations following the rules of Java floating-point arithmetic.
+ *
+ * <p>The Java math library is defined with respect to
+ * {@code fdlibm} version 5.3. Where {@code fdlibm} provides
+ * more than one definition for a function (such as
+ * {@code acos}), use the "IEEE 754 core function" version
+ * (residing in a file whose name begins with the letter
+ * {@code e}).  The methods which require {@code fdlibm}
+ * semantics are {@code sin}, {@code cos}, {@code tan},
+ * {@code asin}, {@code acos}, {@code atan},
+ * {@code exp}, {@code log}, {@code log10},
+ * {@code cbrt}, {@code atan2}, {@code pow},
+ * {@code sinh}, {@code cosh}, {@code tanh},
+ * {@code hypot}, {@code expm1}, and {@code log1p}.
+ *
+ * @author  unascribed
+ * @author  Joseph D. Darcy
+ * @since   1.3
+ */
+
+public final class StrictMath {
+
+    /**
+     * Don't let anyone instantiate this class.
+     */
+    private StrictMath() {}
+
+    /**
+     * The {@code double} value that is closer than any other to
+     * <i>e</i>, the base of the natural logarithms.
+     */
+    public static final double E = 2.7182818284590452354;
+
+    /**
+     * The {@code double} value that is closer than any other to
+     * <i>pi</i>, the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its
+     * diameter.
+     */
+    public static final double PI = 3.14159265358979323846;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the trigonometric sine of an angle. Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN or an infinity, then the
+     * result is NaN.
+     * <li>If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the
+     * same sign as the argument.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   an angle, in radians.
+     * @return  the sine of the argument.
+     */
+    public static native double sin(double a);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the trigonometric cosine of an angle. Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN or an infinity, then the
+     * result is NaN.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   an angle, in radians.
+     * @return  the cosine of the argument.
+     */
+    public static native double cos(double a);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the trigonometric tangent of an angle. Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN or an infinity, then the result
+     * is NaN.
+     * <li>If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the
+     * same sign as the argument.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   an angle, in radians.
+     * @return  the tangent of the argument.
+     */
+    public static native double tan(double a);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the arc sine of a value; the returned angle is in the
+     * range -<i>pi</i>/2 through <i>pi</i>/2.  Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN or its absolute value is greater
+     * than 1, then the result is NaN.
+     * <li>If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the
+     * same sign as the argument.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   the value whose arc sine is to be returned.
+     * @return  the arc sine of the argument.
+     */
+    public static native double asin(double a);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the arc cosine of a value; the returned angle is in the
+     * range 0.0 through <i>pi</i>.  Special case:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN or its absolute value is greater
+     * than 1, then the result is NaN.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   the value whose arc cosine is to be returned.
+     * @return  the arc cosine of the argument.
+     */
+    public static native double acos(double a);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the arc tangent of a value; the returned angle is in the
+     * range -<i>pi</i>/2 through <i>pi</i>/2.  Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     * <li>If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the
+     * same sign as the argument.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   the value whose arc tangent is to be returned.
+     * @return  the arc tangent of the argument.
+     */
+    public static native double atan(double a);
+
+    /**
+     * Converts an angle measured in degrees to an approximately
+     * equivalent angle measured in radians.  The conversion from
+     * degrees to radians is generally inexact.
+     *
+     * @param   angdeg   an angle, in degrees
+     * @return  the measurement of the angle {@code angdeg}
+     *          in radians.
+     */
+    public static strictfp double toRadians(double angdeg) {
+        return angdeg / 180.0 * PI;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts an angle measured in radians to an approximately
+     * equivalent angle measured in degrees.  The conversion from
+     * radians to degrees is generally inexact; users should
+     * <i>not</i> expect {@code cos(toRadians(90.0))} to exactly
+     * equal {@code 0.0}.
+     *
+     * @param   angrad   an angle, in radians
+     * @return  the measurement of the angle {@code angrad}
+     *          in degrees.
+     */
+    public static strictfp double toDegrees(double angrad) {
+        return angrad * 180.0 / PI;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns Euler's number <i>e</i> raised to the power of a
+     * {@code double} value. Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN, the result is NaN.
+     * <li>If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is
+     * positive infinity.
+     * <li>If the argument is negative infinity, then the result is
+     * positive zero.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   the exponent to raise <i>e</i> to.
+     * @return  the value <i>e</i><sup>{@code a}</sup>,
+     *          where <i>e</i> is the base of the natural logarithms.
+     */
+    public static native double exp(double a);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the natural logarithm (base <i>e</i>) of a {@code double}
+     * value. Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN or less than zero, then the result
+     * is NaN.
+     * <li>If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is
+     * positive infinity.
+     * <li>If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the
+     * result is negative infinity.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   a value
+     * @return  the value ln&nbsp;{@code a}, the natural logarithm of
+     *          {@code a}.
+     */
+    public static native double log(double a);
+
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the base 10 logarithm of a {@code double} value.
+     * Special cases:
+     *
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN or less than zero, then the result
+     * is NaN.
+     * <li>If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is
+     * positive infinity.
+     * <li>If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the
+     * result is negative infinity.
+     * <li> If the argument is equal to 10<sup><i>n</i></sup> for
+     * integer <i>n</i>, then the result is <i>n</i>.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   a value
+     * @return  the base 10 logarithm of  {@code a}.
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static native double log10(double a);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the correctly rounded positive square root of a
+     * {@code double} value.
+     * Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN or less than zero, then the result
+     * is NaN.
+     * <li>If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is positive
+     * infinity.
+     * <li>If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the
+     * result is the same as the argument.</ul>
+     * Otherwise, the result is the {@code double} value closest to
+     * the true mathematical square root of the argument value.
+     *
+     * @param   a   a value.
+     * @return  the positive square root of {@code a}.
+     */
+    public static native double sqrt(double a);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the cube root of a {@code double} value.  For
+     * positive finite {@code x}, {@code cbrt(-x) ==
+     * -cbrt(x)}; that is, the cube root of a negative value is
+     * the negative of the cube root of that value's magnitude.
+     * Special cases:
+     *
+     * <ul>
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is infinite, then the result is an infinity
+     * with the same sign as the argument.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the
+     * same sign as the argument.
+     *
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   a value.
+     * @return  the cube root of {@code a}.
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static native double cbrt(double a);
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the remainder operation on two arguments as prescribed
+     * by the IEEE 754 standard.
+     * The remainder value is mathematically equal to
+     * <code>f1&nbsp;-&nbsp;f2</code>&nbsp;&times;&nbsp;<i>n</i>,
+     * where <i>n</i> is the mathematical integer closest to the exact
+     * mathematical value of the quotient {@code f1/f2}, and if two
+     * mathematical integers are equally close to {@code f1/f2},
+     * then <i>n</i> is the integer that is even. If the remainder is
+     * zero, its sign is the same as the sign of the first argument.
+     * Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If either argument is NaN, or the first argument is infinite,
+     * or the second argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the
+     * result is NaN.
+     * <li>If the first argument is finite and the second argument is
+     * infinite, then the result is the same as the first argument.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   f1   the dividend.
+     * @param   f2   the divisor.
+     * @return  the remainder when {@code f1} is divided by
+     *          {@code f2}.
+     */
+    public static native double IEEEremainder(double f1, double f2);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the smallest (closest to negative infinity)
+     * {@code double} value that is greater than or equal to the
+     * argument and is equal to a mathematical integer. Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument value is already equal to a
+     * mathematical integer, then the result is the same as the
+     * argument.  <li>If the argument is NaN or an infinity or
+     * positive zero or negative zero, then the result is the same as
+     * the argument.  <li>If the argument value is less than zero but
+     * greater than -1.0, then the result is negative zero.</ul> Note
+     * that the value of {@code StrictMath.ceil(x)} is exactly the
+     * value of {@code -StrictMath.floor(-x)}.
+     *
+     * @param   a   a value.
+     * @return  the smallest (closest to negative infinity)
+     *          floating-point value that is greater than or equal to
+     *          the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer.
+     */
+    public static double ceil(double a) {
+        return floorOrCeil(a, -0.0, 1.0, 1.0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the largest (closest to positive infinity)
+     * {@code double} value that is less than or equal to the
+     * argument and is equal to a mathematical integer. Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument value is already equal to a
+     * mathematical integer, then the result is the same as the
+     * argument.  <li>If the argument is NaN or an infinity or
+     * positive zero or negative zero, then the result is the same as
+     * the argument.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   a value.
+     * @return  the largest (closest to positive infinity)
+     *          floating-point value that less than or equal to the argument
+     *          and is equal to a mathematical integer.
+     */
+    public static double floor(double a) {
+        return floorOrCeil(a, -1.0, 0.0, -1.0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Internal method to share logic between floor and ceil.
+     *
+     * @param a the value to be floored or ceiled
+     * @param negativeBoundary result for values in (-1, 0)
+     * @param positiveBoundary result for values in (0, 1)
+     * @param increment value to add when the argument is non-integral
+     */
+    private static double floorOrCeil(double a,
+                                      double negativeBoundary,
+                                      double positiveBoundary,
+                                      double sign) {
+        int exponent = Math.getExponent(a);
+
+        if (exponent < 0) {
+            /*
+             * Absolute value of argument is less than 1.
+             * floorOrceil(-0.0) => -0.0
+             * floorOrceil(+0.0) => +0.0
+             */
+            return ((a == 0.0) ? a :
+                    ( (a < 0.0) ?  negativeBoundary : positiveBoundary) );
+        } else if (exponent >= 52) {
+            /*
+             * Infinity, NaN, or a value so large it must be integral.
+             */
+            return a;
+        }
+        // Else the argument is either an integral value already XOR it
+        // has to be rounded to one.
+        assert exponent >= 0 && exponent <= 51;
+
+        long doppel = Double.doubleToRawLongBits(a);
+        long mask   = DoubleConsts.SIGNIF_BIT_MASK >> exponent;
+
+        if ( (mask & doppel) == 0L )
+            return a; // integral value
+        else {
+            double result = Double.longBitsToDouble(doppel & (~mask));
+            if (sign*a > 0.0)
+                result = result + sign;
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the {@code double} value that is closest in value
+     * to the argument and is equal to a mathematical integer. If two
+     * {@code double} values that are mathematical integers are
+     * equally close to the value of the argument, the result is the
+     * integer value that is even. Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument value is already equal to a mathematical
+     * integer, then the result is the same as the argument.
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN or an infinity or positive zero or negative
+     * zero, then the result is the same as the argument.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   a value.
+     * @return  the closest floating-point value to {@code a} that is
+     *          equal to a mathematical integer.
+     * @author Joseph D. Darcy
+     */
+    public static double rint(double a) {
+        /*
+         * If the absolute value of a is not less than 2^52, it
+         * is either a finite integer (the double format does not have
+         * enough significand bits for a number that large to have any
+         * fractional portion), an infinity, or a NaN.  In any of
+         * these cases, rint of the argument is the argument.
+         *
+         * Otherwise, the sum (twoToThe52 + a ) will properly round
+         * away any fractional portion of a since ulp(twoToThe52) ==
+         * 1.0; subtracting out twoToThe52 from this sum will then be
+         * exact and leave the rounded integer portion of a.
+         *
+         * This method does *not* need to be declared strictfp to get
+         * fully reproducible results.  Whether or not a method is
+         * declared strictfp can only make a difference in the
+         * returned result if some operation would overflow or
+         * underflow with strictfp semantics.  The operation
+         * (twoToThe52 + a ) cannot overflow since large values of a
+         * are screened out; the add cannot underflow since twoToThe52
+         * is too large.  The subtraction ((twoToThe52 + a ) -
+         * twoToThe52) will be exact as discussed above and thus
+         * cannot overflow or meaningfully underflow.  Finally, the
+         * last multiply in the return statement is by plus or minus
+         * 1.0, which is exact too.
+         */
+        double twoToThe52 = (double)(1L << 52); // 2^52
+        double sign = FpUtils.rawCopySign(1.0, a); // preserve sign info
+        a = Math.abs(a);
+
+        if (a < twoToThe52) { // E_min <= ilogb(a) <= 51
+            a = ((twoToThe52 + a ) - twoToThe52);
+        }
+
+        return sign * a; // restore original sign
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the angle <i>theta</i> from the conversion of rectangular
+     * coordinates ({@code x},&nbsp;{@code y}) to polar
+     * coordinates (r,&nbsp;<i>theta</i>).
+     * This method computes the phase <i>theta</i> by computing an arc tangent
+     * of {@code y/x} in the range of -<i>pi</i> to <i>pi</i>. Special
+     * cases:
+     * <ul><li>If either argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     * <li>If the first argument is positive zero and the second argument
+     * is positive, or the first argument is positive and finite and the
+     * second argument is positive infinity, then the result is positive
+     * zero.
+     * <li>If the first argument is negative zero and the second argument
+     * is positive, or the first argument is negative and finite and the
+     * second argument is positive infinity, then the result is negative zero.
+     * <li>If the first argument is positive zero and the second argument
+     * is negative, or the first argument is positive and finite and the
+     * second argument is negative infinity, then the result is the
+     * {@code double} value closest to <i>pi</i>.
+     * <li>If the first argument is negative zero and the second argument
+     * is negative, or the first argument is negative and finite and the
+     * second argument is negative infinity, then the result is the
+     * {@code double} value closest to -<i>pi</i>.
+     * <li>If the first argument is positive and the second argument is
+     * positive zero or negative zero, or the first argument is positive
+     * infinity and the second argument is finite, then the result is the
+     * {@code double} value closest to <i>pi</i>/2.
+     * <li>If the first argument is negative and the second argument is
+     * positive zero or negative zero, or the first argument is negative
+     * infinity and the second argument is finite, then the result is the
+     * {@code double} value closest to -<i>pi</i>/2.
+     * <li>If both arguments are positive infinity, then the result is the
+     * {@code double} value closest to <i>pi</i>/4.
+     * <li>If the first argument is positive infinity and the second argument
+     * is negative infinity, then the result is the {@code double}
+     * value closest to 3*<i>pi</i>/4.
+     * <li>If the first argument is negative infinity and the second argument
+     * is positive infinity, then the result is the {@code double} value
+     * closest to -<i>pi</i>/4.
+     * <li>If both arguments are negative infinity, then the result is the
+     * {@code double} value closest to -3*<i>pi</i>/4.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   y   the ordinate coordinate
+     * @param   x   the abscissa coordinate
+     * @return  the <i>theta</i> component of the point
+     *          (<i>r</i>,&nbsp;<i>theta</i>)
+     *          in polar coordinates that corresponds to the point
+     *          (<i>x</i>,&nbsp;<i>y</i>) in Cartesian coordinates.
+     */
+    public static native double atan2(double y, double x);
+
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the value of the first argument raised to the power of the
+     * second argument. Special cases:
+     *
+     * <ul><li>If the second argument is positive or negative zero, then the
+     * result is 1.0.
+     * <li>If the second argument is 1.0, then the result is the same as the
+     * first argument.
+     * <li>If the second argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     * <li>If the first argument is NaN and the second argument is nonzero,
+     * then the result is NaN.
+     *
+     * <li>If
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the absolute value of the first argument is greater than 1
+     * and the second argument is positive infinity, or
+     * <li>the absolute value of the first argument is less than 1 and
+     * the second argument is negative infinity,
+     * </ul>
+     * then the result is positive infinity.
+     *
+     * <li>If
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the absolute value of the first argument is greater than 1 and
+     * the second argument is negative infinity, or
+     * <li>the absolute value of the
+     * first argument is less than 1 and the second argument is positive
+     * infinity,
+     * </ul>
+     * then the result is positive zero.
+     *
+     * <li>If the absolute value of the first argument equals 1 and the
+     * second argument is infinite, then the result is NaN.
+     *
+     * <li>If
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the first argument is positive zero and the second argument
+     * is greater than zero, or
+     * <li>the first argument is positive infinity and the second
+     * argument is less than zero,
+     * </ul>
+     * then the result is positive zero.
+     *
+     * <li>If
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the first argument is positive zero and the second argument
+     * is less than zero, or
+     * <li>the first argument is positive infinity and the second
+     * argument is greater than zero,
+     * </ul>
+     * then the result is positive infinity.
+     *
+     * <li>If
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the first argument is negative zero and the second argument
+     * is greater than zero but not a finite odd integer, or
+     * <li>the first argument is negative infinity and the second
+     * argument is less than zero but not a finite odd integer,
+     * </ul>
+     * then the result is positive zero.
+     *
+     * <li>If
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the first argument is negative zero and the second argument
+     * is a positive finite odd integer, or
+     * <li>the first argument is negative infinity and the second
+     * argument is a negative finite odd integer,
+     * </ul>
+     * then the result is negative zero.
+     *
+     * <li>If
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the first argument is negative zero and the second argument
+     * is less than zero but not a finite odd integer, or
+     * <li>the first argument is negative infinity and the second
+     * argument is greater than zero but not a finite odd integer,
+     * </ul>
+     * then the result is positive infinity.
+     *
+     * <li>If
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>the first argument is negative zero and the second argument
+     * is a negative finite odd integer, or
+     * <li>the first argument is negative infinity and the second
+     * argument is a positive finite odd integer,
+     * </ul>
+     * then the result is negative infinity.
+     *
+     * <li>If the first argument is finite and less than zero
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> if the second argument is a finite even integer, the
+     * result is equal to the result of raising the absolute value of
+     * the first argument to the power of the second argument
+     *
+     * <li>if the second argument is a finite odd integer, the result
+     * is equal to the negative of the result of raising the absolute
+     * value of the first argument to the power of the second
+     * argument
+     *
+     * <li>if the second argument is finite and not an integer, then
+     * the result is NaN.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * <li>If both arguments are integers, then the result is exactly equal
+     * to the mathematical result of raising the first argument to the power
+     * of the second argument if that result can in fact be represented
+     * exactly as a {@code double} value.</ul>
+     *
+     * <p>(In the foregoing descriptions, a floating-point value is
+     * considered to be an integer if and only if it is finite and a
+     * fixed point of the method {@link #ceil ceil} or,
+     * equivalently, a fixed point of the method {@link #floor
+     * floor}. A value is a fixed point of a one-argument
+     * method if and only if the result of applying the method to the
+     * value is equal to the value.)
+     *
+     * @param   a   base.
+     * @param   b   the exponent.
+     * @return  the value {@code a}<sup>{@code b}</sup>.
+     */
+    public static native double pow(double a, double b);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the closest {@code int} to the argument, with ties
+     * rounding up.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN, the result is 0.
+     * <li>If the argument is negative infinity or any value less than or
+     * equal to the value of {@code Integer.MIN_VALUE}, the result is
+     * equal to the value of {@code Integer.MIN_VALUE}.
+     * <li>If the argument is positive infinity or any value greater than or
+     * equal to the value of {@code Integer.MAX_VALUE}, the result is
+     * equal to the value of {@code Integer.MAX_VALUE}.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a   a floating-point value to be rounded to an integer.
+     * @return  the value of the argument rounded to the nearest
+     *          {@code int} value.
+     * @see     java.lang.Integer#MAX_VALUE
+     * @see     java.lang.Integer#MIN_VALUE
+     */
+    public static int round(float a) {
+        return Math.round(a);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the closest {@code long} to the argument, with ties
+     * rounding up.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is NaN, the result is 0.
+     * <li>If the argument is negative infinity or any value less than or
+     * equal to the value of {@code Long.MIN_VALUE}, the result is
+     * equal to the value of {@code Long.MIN_VALUE}.
+     * <li>If the argument is positive infinity or any value greater than or
+     * equal to the value of {@code Long.MAX_VALUE}, the result is
+     * equal to the value of {@code Long.MAX_VALUE}.</ul>
+     *
+     * @param   a  a floating-point value to be rounded to a
+     *          {@code long}.
+     * @return  the value of the argument rounded to the nearest
+     *          {@code long} value.
+     * @see     java.lang.Long#MAX_VALUE
+     * @see     java.lang.Long#MIN_VALUE
+     */
+    public static long round(double a) {
+        return Math.round(a);
+    }
+
+    private static Random randomNumberGenerator;
+
+    private static synchronized Random initRNG() {
+        Random rnd = randomNumberGenerator;
+        return (rnd == null) ? (randomNumberGenerator = new Random()) : rnd;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns a {@code double} value with a positive sign, greater
+     * than or equal to {@code 0.0} and less than {@code 1.0}.
+     * Returned values are chosen pseudorandomly with (approximately)
+     * uniform distribution from that range.
+     *
+     * <p>When this method is first called, it creates a single new
+     * pseudorandom-number generator, exactly as if by the expression
+     *
+     * <blockquote>{@code new java.util.Random()}</blockquote>
+     *
+     * This new pseudorandom-number generator is used thereafter for
+     * all calls to this method and is used nowhere else.
+     *
+     * <p>This method is properly synchronized to allow correct use by
+     * more than one thread. However, if many threads need to generate
+     * pseudorandom numbers at a great rate, it may reduce contention
+     * for each thread to have its own pseudorandom number generator.
+     *
+     * @return  a pseudorandom {@code double} greater than or equal
+     * to {@code 0.0} and less than {@code 1.0}.
+     * @see Random#nextDouble()
+     */
+    public static double random() {
+        Random rnd = randomNumberGenerator;
+        if (rnd == null) rnd = initRNG();
+        return rnd.nextDouble();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the absolute value of an {@code int} value..
+     * If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned.
+     * If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned.
+     *
+     * <p>Note that if the argument is equal to the value of
+     * {@link Integer#MIN_VALUE}, the most negative representable
+     * {@code int} value, the result is that same value, which is
+     * negative.
+     *
+     * @param   a   the  argument whose absolute value is to be determined.
+     * @return  the absolute value of the argument.
+     */
+    public static int abs(int a) {
+        return (a < 0) ? -a : a;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the absolute value of a {@code long} value.
+     * If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned.
+     * If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned.
+     *
+     * <p>Note that if the argument is equal to the value of
+     * {@link Long#MIN_VALUE}, the most negative representable
+     * {@code long} value, the result is that same value, which
+     * is negative.
+     *
+     * @param   a   the  argument whose absolute value is to be determined.
+     * @return  the absolute value of the argument.
+     */
+    public static long abs(long a) {
+        return (a < 0) ? -a : a;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the absolute value of a {@code float} value.
+     * If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned.
+     * If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned.
+     * Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, the
+     * result is positive zero.
+     * <li>If the argument is infinite, the result is positive infinity.
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN, the result is NaN.</ul>
+     * In other words, the result is the same as the value of the expression:
+     * <p>{@code Float.intBitsToFloat(0x7fffffff & Float.floatToIntBits(a))}
+     *
+     * @param   a   the argument whose absolute value is to be determined
+     * @return  the absolute value of the argument.
+     */
+    public static float abs(float a) {
+        return (a <= 0.0F) ? 0.0F - a : a;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the absolute value of a {@code double} value.
+     * If the argument is not negative, the argument is returned.
+     * If the argument is negative, the negation of the argument is returned.
+     * Special cases:
+     * <ul><li>If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, the result
+     * is positive zero.
+     * <li>If the argument is infinite, the result is positive infinity.
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN, the result is NaN.</ul>
+     * In other words, the result is the same as the value of the expression:
+     * <p>{@code Double.longBitsToDouble((Double.doubleToLongBits(a)<<1)>>>1)}
+     *
+     * @param   a   the argument whose absolute value is to be determined
+     * @return  the absolute value of the argument.
+     */
+    public static double abs(double a) {
+        return (a <= 0.0D) ? 0.0D - a : a;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the greater of two {@code int} values. That is, the
+     * result is the argument closer to the value of
+     * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}. If the arguments have the same value,
+     * the result is that same value.
+     *
+     * @param   a   an argument.
+     * @param   b   another argument.
+     * @return  the larger of {@code a} and {@code b}.
+     */
+    public static int max(int a, int b) {
+        return (a >= b) ? a : b;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the greater of two {@code long} values. That is, the
+     * result is the argument closer to the value of
+     * {@link Long#MAX_VALUE}. If the arguments have the same value,
+     * the result is that same value.
+     *
+     * @param   a   an argument.
+     * @param   b   another argument.
+     * @return  the larger of {@code a} and {@code b}.
+        */
+    public static long max(long a, long b) {
+        return (a >= b) ? a : b;
+    }
+
+    // Use raw bit-wise conversions on guaranteed non-NaN arguments.
+    private static long negativeZeroFloatBits  = Float.floatToRawIntBits(-0.0f);
+    private static long negativeZeroDoubleBits = Double.doubleToRawLongBits(-0.0d);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the greater of two {@code float} values.  That is,
+     * the result is the argument closer to positive infinity. If the
+     * arguments have the same value, the result is that same
+     * value. If either value is NaN, then the result is NaN.  Unlike
+     * the numerical comparison operators, this method considers
+     * negative zero to be strictly smaller than positive zero. If one
+     * argument is positive zero and the other negative zero, the
+     * result is positive zero.
+     *
+     * @param   a   an argument.
+     * @param   b   another argument.
+     * @return  the larger of {@code a} and {@code b}.
+     */
+    public static float max(float a, float b) {
+        if (a != a)
+            return a;   // a is NaN
+        if ((a == 0.0f) &&
+            (b == 0.0f) &&
+            (Float.floatToRawIntBits(a) == negativeZeroFloatBits)) {
+            // Raw conversion ok since NaN can't map to -0.0.
+            return b;
+        }
+        return (a >= b) ? a : b;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the greater of two {@code double} values.  That
+     * is, the result is the argument closer to positive infinity. If
+     * the arguments have the same value, the result is that same
+     * value. If either value is NaN, then the result is NaN.  Unlike
+     * the numerical comparison operators, this method considers
+     * negative zero to be strictly smaller than positive zero. If one
+     * argument is positive zero and the other negative zero, the
+     * result is positive zero.
+     *
+     * @param   a   an argument.
+     * @param   b   another argument.
+     * @return  the larger of {@code a} and {@code b}.
+     */
+    public static double max(double a, double b) {
+        if (a != a)
+            return a;   // a is NaN
+        if ((a == 0.0d) &&
+            (b == 0.0d) &&
+            (Double.doubleToRawLongBits(a) == negativeZeroDoubleBits)) {
+            // Raw conversion ok since NaN can't map to -0.0.
+            return b;
+        }
+        return (a >= b) ? a : b;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the smaller of two {@code int} values. That is,
+     * the result the argument closer to the value of
+     * {@link Integer#MIN_VALUE}.  If the arguments have the same
+     * value, the result is that same value.
+     *
+     * @param   a   an argument.
+     * @param   b   another argument.
+     * @return  the smaller of {@code a} and {@code b}.
+     */
+    public static int min(int a, int b) {
+        return (a <= b) ? a : b;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the smaller of two {@code long} values. That is,
+     * the result is the argument closer to the value of
+     * {@link Long#MIN_VALUE}. If the arguments have the same
+     * value, the result is that same value.
+     *
+     * @param   a   an argument.
+     * @param   b   another argument.
+     * @return  the smaller of {@code a} and {@code b}.
+     */
+    public static long min(long a, long b) {
+        return (a <= b) ? a : b;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the smaller of two {@code float} values.  That is,
+     * the result is the value closer to negative infinity. If the
+     * arguments have the same value, the result is that same
+     * value. If either value is NaN, then the result is NaN.  Unlike
+     * the numerical comparison operators, this method considers
+     * negative zero to be strictly smaller than positive zero.  If
+     * one argument is positive zero and the other is negative zero,
+     * the result is negative zero.
+     *
+     * @param   a   an argument.
+     * @param   b   another argument.
+     * @return  the smaller of {@code a} and {@code b.}
+     */
+    public static float min(float a, float b) {
+        if (a != a)
+            return a;   // a is NaN
+        if ((a == 0.0f) &&
+            (b == 0.0f) &&
+            (Float.floatToRawIntBits(b) == negativeZeroFloatBits)) {
+            // Raw conversion ok since NaN can't map to -0.0.
+            return b;
+        }
+        return (a <= b) ? a : b;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the smaller of two {@code double} values.  That
+     * is, the result is the value closer to negative infinity. If the
+     * arguments have the same value, the result is that same
+     * value. If either value is NaN, then the result is NaN.  Unlike
+     * the numerical comparison operators, this method considers
+     * negative zero to be strictly smaller than positive zero. If one
+     * argument is positive zero and the other is negative zero, the
+     * result is negative zero.
+     *
+     * @param   a   an argument.
+     * @param   b   another argument.
+     * @return  the smaller of {@code a} and {@code b}.
+     */
+    public static double min(double a, double b) {
+        if (a != a)
+            return a;   // a is NaN
+        if ((a == 0.0d) &&
+            (b == 0.0d) &&
+            (Double.doubleToRawLongBits(b) == negativeZeroDoubleBits)) {
+            // Raw conversion ok since NaN can't map to -0.0.
+            return b;
+        }
+        return (a <= b) ? a : b;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the size of an ulp of the argument.  An ulp of a
+     * {@code double} value is the positive distance between this
+     * floating-point value and the {@code double} value next
+     * larger in magnitude.  Note that for non-NaN <i>x</i>,
+     * <code>ulp(-<i>x</i>) == ulp(<i>x</i>)</code>.
+     *
+     * <p>Special Cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     * <li> If the argument is positive or negative infinity, then the
+     * result is positive infinity.
+     * <li> If the argument is positive or negative zero, then the result is
+     * {@code Double.MIN_VALUE}.
+     * <li> If the argument is &plusmn;{@code Double.MAX_VALUE}, then
+     * the result is equal to 2<sup>971</sup>.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param d the floating-point value whose ulp is to be returned
+     * @return the size of an ulp of the argument
+     * @author Joseph D. Darcy
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static double ulp(double d) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.ulp(d);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the size of an ulp of the argument.  An ulp of a
+     * {@code float} value is the positive distance between this
+     * floating-point value and the {@code float} value next
+     * larger in magnitude.  Note that for non-NaN <i>x</i>,
+     * <code>ulp(-<i>x</i>) == ulp(<i>x</i>)</code>.
+     *
+     * <p>Special Cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     * <li> If the argument is positive or negative infinity, then the
+     * result is positive infinity.
+     * <li> If the argument is positive or negative zero, then the result is
+     * {@code Float.MIN_VALUE}.
+     * <li> If the argument is &plusmn;{@code Float.MAX_VALUE}, then
+     * the result is equal to 2<sup>104</sup>.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param f the floating-point value whose ulp is to be returned
+     * @return the size of an ulp of the argument
+     * @author Joseph D. Darcy
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static float ulp(float f) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.ulp(f);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the signum function of the argument; zero if the argument
+     * is zero, 1.0 if the argument is greater than zero, -1.0 if the
+     * argument is less than zero.
+     *
+     * <p>Special Cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     * <li> If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the
+     *      result is the same as the argument.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param d the floating-point value whose signum is to be returned
+     * @return the signum function of the argument
+     * @author Joseph D. Darcy
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static double signum(double d) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.signum(d);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the signum function of the argument; zero if the argument
+     * is zero, 1.0f if the argument is greater than zero, -1.0f if the
+     * argument is less than zero.
+     *
+     * <p>Special Cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     * <li> If the argument is positive zero or negative zero, then the
+     *      result is the same as the argument.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param f the floating-point value whose signum is to be returned
+     * @return the signum function of the argument
+     * @author Joseph D. Darcy
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static float signum(float f) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.signum(f);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the hyperbolic sine of a {@code double} value.
+     * The hyperbolic sine of <i>x</i> is defined to be
+     * (<i>e<sup>x</sup>&nbsp;-&nbsp;e<sup>-x</sup></i>)/2
+     * where <i>e</i> is {@linkplain Math#E Euler's number}.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul>
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is infinite, then the result is an infinity
+     * with the same sign as the argument.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the
+     * same sign as the argument.
+     *
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param   x The number whose hyperbolic sine is to be returned.
+     * @return  The hyperbolic sine of {@code x}.
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static native double sinh(double x);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a {@code double} value.
+     * The hyperbolic cosine of <i>x</i> is defined to be
+     * (<i>e<sup>x</sup>&nbsp;+&nbsp;e<sup>-x</sup></i>)/2
+     * where <i>e</i> is {@linkplain Math#E Euler's number}.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul>
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is infinite, then the result is positive
+     * infinity.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is zero, then the result is {@code 1.0}.
+     *
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param   x The number whose hyperbolic cosine is to be returned.
+     * @return  The hyperbolic cosine of {@code x}.
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static native double cosh(double x);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a {@code double} value.
+     * The hyperbolic tangent of <i>x</i> is defined to be
+     * (<i>e<sup>x</sup>&nbsp;-&nbsp;e<sup>-x</sup></i>)/(<i>e<sup>x</sup>&nbsp;+&nbsp;e<sup>-x</sup></i>),
+     * in other words, {@linkplain Math#sinh
+     * sinh(<i>x</i>)}/{@linkplain Math#cosh cosh(<i>x</i>)}.  Note
+     * that the absolute value of the exact tanh is always less than
+     * 1.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul>
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN, then the result is NaN.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the
+     * same sign as the argument.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is
+     * {@code +1.0}.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is negative infinity, then the result is
+     * {@code -1.0}.
+     *
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param   x The number whose hyperbolic tangent is to be returned.
+     * @return  The hyperbolic tangent of {@code x}.
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static native double tanh(double x);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns sqrt(<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;+<i>y</i><sup>2</sup>)
+     * without intermediate overflow or underflow.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul>
+     *
+     * <li> If either argument is infinite, then the result
+     * is positive infinity.
+     *
+     * <li> If either argument is NaN and neither argument is infinite,
+     * then the result is NaN.
+     *
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param x a value
+     * @param y a value
+     * @return sqrt(<i>x</i><sup>2</sup>&nbsp;+<i>y</i><sup>2</sup>)
+     * without intermediate overflow or underflow
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static native double hypot(double x, double y);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns <i>e</i><sup>x</sup>&nbsp;-1.  Note that for values of
+     * <i>x</i> near 0, the exact sum of
+     * {@code expm1(x)}&nbsp;+&nbsp;1 is much closer to the true
+     * result of <i>e</i><sup>x</sup> than {@code exp(x)}.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN, the result is NaN.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is
+     * positive infinity.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is negative infinity, then the result is
+     * -1.0.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the
+     * same sign as the argument.
+     *
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param   x   the exponent to raise <i>e</i> to in the computation of
+     *              <i>e</i><sup>{@code x}</sup>&nbsp;-1.
+     * @return  the value <i>e</i><sup>{@code x}</sup>&nbsp;-&nbsp;1.
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static native double expm1(double x);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the natural logarithm of the sum of the argument and 1.
+     * Note that for small values {@code x}, the result of
+     * {@code log1p(x)} is much closer to the true result of ln(1
+     * + {@code x}) than the floating-point evaluation of
+     * {@code log(1.0+x)}.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul>
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN or less than -1, then the result is
+     * NaN.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is positive infinity, then the result is
+     * positive infinity.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is negative one, then the result is
+     * negative infinity.
+     *
+     * <li>If the argument is zero, then the result is a zero with the
+     * same sign as the argument.
+     *
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param   x   a value
+     * @return the value ln({@code x}&nbsp;+&nbsp;1), the natural
+     * log of {@code x}&nbsp;+&nbsp;1
+     * @since 1.5
+     */
+    public static native double log1p(double x);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the first floating-point argument with the sign of the
+     * second floating-point argument.  For this method, a NaN
+     * {@code sign} argument is always treated as if it were
+     * positive.
+     *
+     * @param magnitude  the parameter providing the magnitude of the result
+     * @param sign   the parameter providing the sign of the result
+     * @return a value with the magnitude of {@code magnitude}
+     * and the sign of {@code sign}.
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static double copySign(double magnitude, double sign) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.copySign(magnitude, sign);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the first floating-point argument with the sign of the
+     * second floating-point argument.  For this method, a NaN
+     * {@code sign} argument is always treated as if it were
+     * positive.
+     *
+     * @param magnitude  the parameter providing the magnitude of the result
+     * @param sign   the parameter providing the sign of the result
+     * @return a value with the magnitude of {@code magnitude}
+     * and the sign of {@code sign}.
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static float copySign(float magnitude, float sign) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.copySign(magnitude, sign);
+    }
+    /**
+     * Returns the unbiased exponent used in the representation of a
+     * {@code float}.  Special cases:
+     *
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN or infinite, then the result is
+     * {@link Float#MAX_EXPONENT} + 1.
+     * <li>If the argument is zero or subnormal, then the result is
+     * {@link Float#MIN_EXPONENT} -1.
+     * </ul>
+     * @param f a {@code float} value
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static int getExponent(float f) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.getExponent(f);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the unbiased exponent used in the representation of a
+     * {@code double}.  Special cases:
+     *
+     * <ul>
+     * <li>If the argument is NaN or infinite, then the result is
+     * {@link Double#MAX_EXPONENT} + 1.
+     * <li>If the argument is zero or subnormal, then the result is
+     * {@link Double#MIN_EXPONENT} -1.
+     * </ul>
+     * @param d a {@code double} value
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static int getExponent(double d) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.getExponent(d);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the floating-point number adjacent to the first
+     * argument in the direction of the second argument.  If both
+     * arguments compare as equal the second argument is returned.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> If either argument is a NaN, then NaN is returned.
+     *
+     * <li> If both arguments are signed zeros, {@code direction}
+     * is returned unchanged (as implied by the requirement of
+     * returning the second argument if the arguments compare as
+     * equal).
+     *
+     * <li> If {@code start} is
+     * &plusmn;{@link Double#MIN_VALUE} and {@code direction}
+     * has a value such that the result should have a smaller
+     * magnitude, then a zero with the same sign as {@code start}
+     * is returned.
+     *
+     * <li> If {@code start} is infinite and
+     * {@code direction} has a value such that the result should
+     * have a smaller magnitude, {@link Double#MAX_VALUE} with the
+     * same sign as {@code start} is returned.
+     *
+     * <li> If {@code start} is equal to &plusmn;
+     * {@link Double#MAX_VALUE} and {@code direction} has a
+     * value such that the result should have a larger magnitude, an
+     * infinity with same sign as {@code start} is returned.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param start  starting floating-point value
+     * @param direction value indicating which of
+     * {@code start}'s neighbors or {@code start} should
+     * be returned
+     * @return The floating-point number adjacent to {@code start} in the
+     * direction of {@code direction}.
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static double nextAfter(double start, double direction) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.nextAfter(start, direction);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the floating-point number adjacent to the first
+     * argument in the direction of the second argument.  If both
+     * arguments compare as equal a value equivalent to the second argument
+     * is returned.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> If either argument is a NaN, then NaN is returned.
+     *
+     * <li> If both arguments are signed zeros, a value equivalent
+     * to {@code direction} is returned.
+     *
+     * <li> If {@code start} is
+     * &plusmn;{@link Float#MIN_VALUE} and {@code direction}
+     * has a value such that the result should have a smaller
+     * magnitude, then a zero with the same sign as {@code start}
+     * is returned.
+     *
+     * <li> If {@code start} is infinite and
+     * {@code direction} has a value such that the result should
+     * have a smaller magnitude, {@link Float#MAX_VALUE} with the
+     * same sign as {@code start} is returned.
+     *
+     * <li> If {@code start} is equal to &plusmn;
+     * {@link Float#MAX_VALUE} and {@code direction} has a
+     * value such that the result should have a larger magnitude, an
+     * infinity with same sign as {@code start} is returned.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param start  starting floating-point value
+     * @param direction value indicating which of
+     * {@code start}'s neighbors or {@code start} should
+     * be returned
+     * @return The floating-point number adjacent to {@code start} in the
+     * direction of {@code direction}.
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static float nextAfter(float start, double direction) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.nextAfter(start, direction);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the floating-point value adjacent to {@code d} in
+     * the direction of positive infinity.  This method is
+     * semantically equivalent to {@code nextAfter(d,
+     * Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY)}; however, a {@code nextUp}
+     * implementation may run faster than its equivalent
+     * {@code nextAfter} call.
+     *
+     * <p>Special Cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> If the argument is NaN, the result is NaN.
+     *
+     * <li> If the argument is positive infinity, the result is
+     * positive infinity.
+     *
+     * <li> If the argument is zero, the result is
+     * {@link Double#MIN_VALUE}
+     *
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param d starting floating-point value
+     * @return The adjacent floating-point value closer to positive
+     * infinity.
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static double nextUp(double d) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.nextUp(d);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the floating-point value adjacent to {@code f} in
+     * the direction of positive infinity.  This method is
+     * semantically equivalent to {@code nextAfter(f,
+     * Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY)}; however, a {@code nextUp}
+     * implementation may run faster than its equivalent
+     * {@code nextAfter} call.
+     *
+     * <p>Special Cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> If the argument is NaN, the result is NaN.
+     *
+     * <li> If the argument is positive infinity, the result is
+     * positive infinity.
+     *
+     * <li> If the argument is zero, the result is
+     * {@link Float#MIN_VALUE}
+     *
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param f starting floating-point value
+     * @return The adjacent floating-point value closer to positive
+     * infinity.
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static float nextUp(float f) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.nextUp(f);
+    }
+
+
+    /**
+     * Return {@code d} &times;
+     * 2<sup>{@code scaleFactor}</sup> rounded as if performed
+     * by a single correctly rounded floating-point multiply to a
+     * member of the double value set.  See the Java
+     * Language Specification for a discussion of floating-point
+     * value sets.  If the exponent of the result is between {@link
+     * Double#MIN_EXPONENT} and {@link Double#MAX_EXPONENT}, the
+     * answer is calculated exactly.  If the exponent of the result
+     * would be larger than {@code Double.MAX_EXPONENT}, an
+     * infinity is returned.  Note that if the result is subnormal,
+     * precision may be lost; that is, when {@code scalb(x, n)}
+     * is subnormal, {@code scalb(scalb(x, n), -n)} may not equal
+     * <i>x</i>.  When the result is non-NaN, the result has the same
+     * sign as {@code d}.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> If the first argument is NaN, NaN is returned.
+     * <li> If the first argument is infinite, then an infinity of the
+     * same sign is returned.
+     * <li> If the first argument is zero, then a zero of the same
+     * sign is returned.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param d number to be scaled by a power of two.
+     * @param scaleFactor power of 2 used to scale {@code d}
+     * @return {@code d} &times; 2<sup>{@code scaleFactor}</sup>
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static double scalb(double d, int scaleFactor) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.scalb(d, scaleFactor);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return {@code f} &times;
+     * 2<sup>{@code scaleFactor}</sup> rounded as if performed
+     * by a single correctly rounded floating-point multiply to a
+     * member of the float value set.  See the Java
+     * Language Specification for a discussion of floating-point
+     * value sets.  If the exponent of the result is between {@link
+     * Float#MIN_EXPONENT} and {@link Float#MAX_EXPONENT}, the
+     * answer is calculated exactly.  If the exponent of the result
+     * would be larger than {@code Float.MAX_EXPONENT}, an
+     * infinity is returned.  Note that if the result is subnormal,
+     * precision may be lost; that is, when {@code scalb(x, n)}
+     * is subnormal, {@code scalb(scalb(x, n), -n)} may not equal
+     * <i>x</i>.  When the result is non-NaN, the result has the same
+     * sign as {@code f}.
+     *
+     * <p>Special cases:
+     * <ul>
+     * <li> If the first argument is NaN, NaN is returned.
+     * <li> If the first argument is infinite, then an infinity of the
+     * same sign is returned.
+     * <li> If the first argument is zero, then a zero of the same
+     * sign is returned.
+     * </ul>
+     *
+     * @param f number to be scaled by a power of two.
+     * @param scaleFactor power of 2 used to scale {@code f}
+     * @return {@code f} &times; 2<sup>{@code scaleFactor}</sup>
+     * @since 1.6
+     */
+    public static float scalb(float f, int scaleFactor) {
+        return sun.misc.FpUtils.scalb(f, scaleFactor);
+    }
+}