/*

  * Copyright (c) 1994, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.

  *

  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it

  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as

  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this

  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided

  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.

  *

  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT

  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or

  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License

  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that

  * accompanied this code).

  *

  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version

  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,

  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

  *

  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA

  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any

  * questions.

  */

 package java.lang;

 import java.lang.reflect.Array;

 import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;

 import java.lang.reflect.Member;

 import java.lang.reflect.Field;

 import java.lang.reflect.Method;

 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;

 import java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration;

 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;

 import java.lang.reflect.Type;

 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;

 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;

 import java.io.InputStream;

 import java.io.ObjectStreamField;

 import java.security.AccessController;

 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;

 import java.util.ArrayList;

 import java.util.Arrays;

 import java.util.Collection;

 import java.util.HashSet;

 import java.util.Iterator;

 import java.util.List;

 import java.util.LinkedList;

 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;

 import java.util.Set;

 import java.util.Map;

 import java.util.HashMap;

 import sun.misc.Unsafe;

 import sun.reflect.ConstantPool;

 import sun.reflect.Reflection;

 import sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory;

 import sun.reflect.SignatureIterator;

 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory;

 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.GenericsFactory;

 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ClassRepository;

 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.MethodRepository;

 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ConstructorRepository;

 import sun.reflect.generics.scope.ClassScope;

 import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;

 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;

 import sun.reflect.annotation.*;

 /**

  * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and

  * interfaces in a running Java application.  An enum is a kind of

  * class and an annotation is a kind of interface.  Every array also

  * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object

  * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number

  * of dimensions.  The primitive Java types ({@code boolean},

  * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short},

  * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and

  * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also

  * represented as {@code Class} objects.

  *

  * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class}

  * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes

  * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class

  * loader.

  *

  * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the

  * class name of an object:

  *

  * <p> <blockquote><pre>

  *     void printClassName(Object obj) {

  *         System.out.println("The class of " + obj +

  *                            " is " + obj.getClass().getName());

  *     }

  * </pre></blockquote>

  *

  * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named

  * type (or for void) using a class literal.  See Section 15.8.2 of

  * <cite>The Java&trade; Language Specification</cite>.

  * For example:

  *

  * <p> <blockquote>

  *     {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());}

  * </blockquote>

  *

  * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class}

  * object.  For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code

  * Class<String>}.  Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is

  * unknown.

  *

  * @author  unascribed

  * @see     java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int)

  * @since   JDK1.0

  */

 public final

     class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,

                               java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration,

                               java.lang.reflect.Type,

                               java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement {

     private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;

     private static final int ENUM      = 0x00004000;

     private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;

     private static native void registerNatives();

     static {

         registerNatives();

     }

     /*

      * Constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class

      * objects.

      */

     private Class() {}

     /**

      * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the

      * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the

      * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by

      * {@code getName}.  If this {@code Class} object represents a

      * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type.  If

      * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns

      * "void".

      *

      * @return a string representation of this class object.

      */

     public String toString() {

         return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class "))

             + getName();

     }

     /**

      * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or

      * interface with the given string name.  Invoking this method is

      * equivalent to:

      *

      * <blockquote>

      *  {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)}

      * </blockquote>

      *

      * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of

      * the current class.

      *

      * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the

      * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named

      * {@code java.lang.Thread}:

      *

      * <blockquote>

      *   {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")}

      * </blockquote>

      * <p>

      * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named

      * {@code X} to be initialized.

      *

      * @param      className   the fully qualified name of the desired class.

      * @return     the {@code Class} object for the class with the

      *             specified name.

      * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails

      * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked

      *            by this method fails

      * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located

      */

     public static Class<?> forName(String className)

                 throws ClassNotFoundException {

         return forName0(className, true, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

     }

     /**

      * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or

      * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader.

      * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same

      * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to

      * locate, load, and link the class or interface.  The specified class

      * loader is used to load the class or interface.  If the parameter

      * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap

      * class loader.  The class is initialized only if the

      * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has

      * not been initialized earlier.

      *

      * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt

      * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose

      * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to

      * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive

      * types or void.

      *

      * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of

      * the array class is loaded but not initialized.

      *

      * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression:

      *

      * <blockquote>

      *  {@code Class.forName("Foo")}

      * </blockquote>

      *

      * is equivalent to:

      *

      * <blockquote>

      *  {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())}

      * </blockquote>

      *

      * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or

      * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The

      * Java Language Specification</em>.

      * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class

      * is accessible to its caller.

      *

      * <p> If the {@code loader} is {@code null}, and a security

      * manager is present, and the caller's class loader is not null, then this

      * method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission} method

      * with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission to

      * ensure it's ok to access the bootstrap class loader.

      *

      * @param name       fully qualified name of the desired class

      * @param initialize whether the class must be initialized

      * @param loader     class loader from which the class must be loaded

      * @return           class object representing the desired class

      *

      * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails

      * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked

      *            by this method fails

      * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by

      *            the specified class loader

      *

      * @see       java.lang.Class#forName(String)

      * @see       java.lang.ClassLoader

      * @since     1.2

      */

     public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,

                                    ClassLoader loader)

         throws ClassNotFoundException

     {

         if (loader == null) {

             SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();

             if (sm != null) {

                 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader();

                 if (ccl != null) {

                     sm.checkPermission(

                         SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);

                 }

             }

         }

         return forName0(name, initialize, loader);

     }

     /** Called after security checks have been made. */

     private static native Class<?> forName0(String name, boolean initialize,

                                             ClassLoader loader)

         throws ClassNotFoundException;

     /**

      * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class}

      * object.  The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new}

      * expression with an empty argument list.  The class is initialized if it

      * has not already been initialized.

      *

      * <p>Note that this method propagates any exception thrown by the

      * nullary constructor, including a checked exception.  Use of

      * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception

      * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler.

      * The {@link

      * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...)

      * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping

      * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link

      * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}.

      *

      * @return     a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this

      *             object.

      * @exception  IllegalAccessException  if the class or its nullary

      *               constructor is not accessible.

      * @exception  InstantiationException

      *               if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class,

      *               an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void;

      *               or if the class has no nullary constructor;

      *               or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.

      * @exception  ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization

      *               provoked by this method fails.

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies

      *             creation of new instances of this class

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      */

     public T newInstance()

         throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException

     {

         if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {

             checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         }

         return newInstance0();

     }

     private T newInstance0()

         throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException

     {

         // NOTE: the following code may not be strictly correct under

         // the current Java memory model.

         // Constructor lookup

         if (cachedConstructor == null) {

             if (this == Class.class) {

                 throw new IllegalAccessException(

                     "Can not call newInstance() on the Class for java.lang.Class"

                 );

             }

             try {

                 Class<?>[] empty = {};

                 final Constructor<T> c = getConstructor0(empty, Member.DECLARED);

                 // Disable accessibility checks on the constructor

                 // since we have to do the security check here anyway

                 // (the stack depth is wrong for the Constructor's

                 // security check to work)

                 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(

                     new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {

                         public Void run() {

                                 c.setAccessible(true);

                                 return null;

                             }

                         });

                 cachedConstructor = c;

             } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {

                 throw new InstantiationException(getName());

             }

         }

         Constructor<T> tmpConstructor = cachedConstructor;

         // Security check (same as in java.lang.reflect.Constructor)

         int modifiers = tmpConstructor.getModifiers();

         if (!Reflection.quickCheckMemberAccess(this, modifiers)) {

             Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass(3);

             if (newInstanceCallerCache != caller) {

                 Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, this, null, modifiers);

                 newInstanceCallerCache = caller;

             }

         }

         // Run constructor

         try {

             return tmpConstructor.newInstance((Object[])null);

         } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {

             Unsafe.getUnsafe().throwException(e.getTargetException());

             // Not reached

             return null;

         }

     }

     private volatile transient Constructor<T> cachedConstructor;

     private volatile transient Class<?>       newInstanceCallerCache;

     /**

      * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible

      * with the object represented by this {@code Class}.  This method is

      * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof}

      * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified

      * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the

      * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without

      * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false}

      * otherwise.

      *

      * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a

      * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified

      * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or

      * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If

      * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method

      * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument

      * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity

      * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns

      * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object

      * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the

      * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument

      * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If

      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method

      * returns {@code false}.

      *

      * @param   obj the object to check

      * @return  true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public native boolean isInstance(Object obj);

     /**

      * Determines if the class or interface represented by this

      * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or

      * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified

      * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so;

      * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class}

      * object represents a primitive type, this method returns

      * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is

      * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns

      * {@code false}.

      *

      * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the

      * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type

      * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion

      * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language

      * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.

      *

      * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked

      * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the

      * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class

      * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is

      *            null.

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public native boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls);

     /**

      * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an

      * interface type.

      *

      * @return  {@code true} if this object represents an interface;

      *          {@code false} otherwise.

      */

     public native boolean isInterface();

     /**

      * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class.

      *

      * @return  {@code true} if this object represents an array class;

      *          {@code false} otherwise.

      * @since   JDK1.1

      */

     public native boolean isArray();

     /**

      * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a

      * primitive type.

      *

      * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent

      * the eight primitive types and void.  These are created by the Java

      * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that

      * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte},

      * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int},

      * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}.

      *

      * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static

      * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which

      * this method returns {@code true}.

      *

      * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type

      *

      * @see     java.lang.Boolean#TYPE

      * @see     java.lang.Character#TYPE

      * @see     java.lang.Byte#TYPE

      * @see     java.lang.Short#TYPE

      * @see     java.lang.Integer#TYPE

      * @see     java.lang.Long#TYPE

      * @see     java.lang.Float#TYPE

      * @see     java.lang.Double#TYPE

      * @see     java.lang.Void#TYPE

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public native boolean isPrimitive();

     /**

      * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation

      * type.  Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()}

      * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.

      *

      * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation

      *      type; {@code false} otherwise

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public boolean isAnnotation() {

         return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;

     }

     /**

      * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class;

      * returns {@code false} otherwise.

      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as

      *         defined by the Java Language Specification.

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public boolean isSynthetic() {

         return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;

     }

     /**

      * Returns the  name of the entity (class, interface, array class,

      * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object,

      * as a {@code String}.

      *

      * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an

      * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified

      * by

      * <cite>The Java&trade; Language Specification</cite>.

      *

      * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the

      * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language

      * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.

      *

      * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal

      * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by

      * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array

      * nesting.  The encoding of element type names is as follows:

      *

      * <blockquote><table summary="Element types and encodings">

      * <tr><th> Element Type <th> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <th> Encoding

      * <tr><td> boolean      <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> Z

      * <tr><td> byte         <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> B

      * <tr><td> char         <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> C

      * <tr><td> class or interface

      *                       <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> L<i>classname</i>;

      * <tr><td> double       <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> D

      * <tr><td> float        <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> F

      * <tr><td> int          <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> I

      * <tr><td> long         <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> J

      * <tr><td> short        <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> S

      * </table></blockquote>

      *

      * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of

      * the class specified above.

      *

      * <p> Examples:

      * <blockquote><pre>

      * String.class.getName()

      *     returns "java.lang.String"

      * byte.class.getName()

      *     returns "byte"

      * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName()

      *     returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"

      * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()

      *     returns "[[[[[[[I"

      * </pre></blockquote>

      *

      * @return  the name of the class or interface

      *          represented by this object.

      */

     public String getName() {

         String name = this.name;

         if (name == null)

             this.name = name = getName0();

         return name;

     }

     // cache the name to reduce the number of calls into the VM

     private transient String name;

     private native String getName0();

     /**

      * Returns the class loader for the class.  Some implementations may use

      * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return

      * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap

      * class loader.

      *

      * <p> If a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader is

      * not null and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of

      * the class loader for the class whose class loader is requested, then

      * this method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission}

      * method with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")}

      * permission to ensure it's ok to access the class loader for the class.

      *

      * <p>If this object

      * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.

      *

      * @return  the class loader that loaded the class or interface

      *          represented by this object.

      * @throws SecurityException

      *    if a security manager exists and its

      *    {@code checkPermission} method denies

      *    access to the class loader for the class.

      * @see java.lang.ClassLoader

      * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission

      * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission

      */

     public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {

         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();

         if (cl == null)

             return null;

         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();

         if (sm != null) {

             ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader();

             if (ccl != null && ccl != cl && !cl.isAncestor(ccl)) {

                 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);

             }

         }

         return cl;

     }

     // Package-private to allow ClassLoader access

     native ClassLoader getClassLoader0();

     /**

      * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the

      * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this

      * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order.  Returns an

      * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type

      * variables.

      *

      * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent

      *     the type variables declared by this generic declaration

      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic

      *     signature of this generic declaration does not conform to

      *     the format specified in

      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() {

         if (getGenericSignature() != null)

             return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])getGenericInfo().getTypeParameters();

         else

             return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])new TypeVariable<?>[0];

     }

     /**

      * Returns the {@code Class} representing the superclass of the entity

      * (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this

      * {@code Class}.  If this {@code Class} represents either the

      * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then

      * null is returned.  If this object represents an array class then the

      * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is

      * returned.

      *

      * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object.

      */

     public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass();

     /**

      * Returns the {@code Type} representing the direct superclass of

      * the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by

      * this {@code Class}.

      *

      * <p>If the superclass is a parameterized type, the {@code Type}

      * object returned must accurately reflect the actual type

      * parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type

      * representing the superclass is created if it had not been

      * created before. See the declaration of {@link

      * java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType} for the

      * semantics of the creation process for parameterized types.  If

      * this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object}

      * class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is

      * returned.  If this object represents an array class then the

      * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is

      * returned.

      *

      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic

      *     class signature does not conform to the format specified in

      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>

      * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the generic superclass

      *     refers to a non-existent type declaration

      * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the

      *     generic superclass refers to a parameterized type that cannot be

      *     instantiated  for any reason

      * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public Type getGenericSuperclass() {

         if (getGenericSignature() != null) {

             // Historical irregularity:

             // Generic signature marks interfaces with superclass = Object

             // but this API returns null for interfaces

             if (isInterface())

                 return null;

             return getGenericInfo().getSuperclass();

         } else

             return getSuperclass();

     }

     /**

      * Gets the package for this class.  The class loader of this class is used

      * to find the package.  If the class was loaded by the bootstrap class

      * loader the set of packages loaded from CLASSPATH is searched to find the

      * package of the class. Null is returned if no package object was created

      * by the class loader of this class.

      *

      * <p> Packages have attributes for versions and specifications only if the

      * information was defined in the manifests that accompany the classes, and

      * if the class loader created the package instance with the attributes

      * from the manifest.

      *

      * @return the package of the class, or null if no package

      *         information is available from the archive or codebase.

      */

     public Package getPackage() {

         return Package.getPackage(this);

     }

     /**

      * Determines the interfaces implemented by the class or interface

      * represented by this object.

      *

      * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an array

      * containing objects representing all interfaces implemented by the

      * class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to

      * the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause

      * of the declaration of the class represented by this object. For

      * example, given the declaration:

      * <blockquote>

      * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }}

      * </blockquote>

      * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of

      * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression:

      * <blockquote>

      * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]}

      * </blockquote>

      * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface

      * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of:

      * <blockquote>

      * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]}

      * </blockquote>

      * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface

      * {@code DessertTopping}.

      *

      * <p> If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects

      * representing all interfaces extended by the interface. The order of the

      * interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface

      * names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the

      * interface represented by this object.

      *

      * <p> If this object represents a class or interface that implements no

      * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.

      *

      * <p> If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method

      * returns an array of length 0.

      *

      * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class.

      */

     public native Class<?>[] getInterfaces();

     /**

      * Returns the {@code Type}s representing the interfaces

      * directly implemented by the class or interface represented by

      * this object.

      *

      * <p>If a superinterface is a parameterized type, the

      * {@code Type} object returned for it must accurately reflect

      * the actual type parameters used in the source code. The

      * parameterized type representing each superinterface is created

      * if it had not been created before. See the declaration of

      * {@link java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType}

      * for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized

      * types.

      *

      * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an

      * array containing objects representing all interfaces

      * implemented by the class. The order of the interface objects in

      * the array corresponds to the order of the interface names in

      * the {@code implements} clause of the declaration of the class

      * represented by this object.  In the case of an array class, the

      * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code Serializable} are

      * returned in that order.

      *

      * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains

      * objects representing all interfaces directly extended by the

      * interface.  The order of the interface objects in the array

      * corresponds to the order of the interface names in the

      * {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the interface

      * represented by this object.

      *

      * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that

      * implements no interfaces, the method returns an array of length

      * 0.

      *

      * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the

      * method returns an array of length 0.

      *

      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError

      *     if the generic class signature does not conform to the format

      *     specified in

      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>

      * @throws TypeNotPresentException if any of the generic

      *     superinterfaces refers to a non-existent type declaration

      * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException

      *     if any of the generic superinterfaces refer to a parameterized

      *     type that cannot be instantiated for any reason

      * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public Type[] getGenericInterfaces() {

         if (getGenericSignature() != null)

             return getGenericInfo().getSuperInterfaces();

         else

             return getInterfaces();

     }

     /**

      * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an

      * array.  If this class does not represent an array class this method

      * returns null.

      *

      * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this

      * class if this class is an array

      * @see     java.lang.reflect.Array

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public native Class<?> getComponentType();

     /**

      * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded

      * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's

      * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected},

      * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static},

      * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded

      * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}.

      *

      * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its

      * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected}

      * modifiers are the same as those of its component type.  If this

      * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its

      * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its

      * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always

      * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a

      * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always

      * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always

      * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined

      * by this specification.

      *

      * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine

      * Specification</em>, table 4.1.

      *

      * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class

      * @see     java.lang.reflect.Modifier

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public native int getModifiers();

     /**

      * Gets the signers of this class.

      *

      * @return  the signers of this class, or null if there are no signers.  In

      *          particular, this method returns null if this object represents

      *          a primitive type or void.

      * @since   JDK1.1

      */

     public native Object[] getSigners();

     /**

      * Set the signers of this class.

      */

     native void setSigners(Object[] signers);

     /**

      * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous

      * class within a method, returns a {@link

      * java.lang.reflect.Method Method} object representing the

      * immediately enclosing method of the underlying class. Returns

      * {@code null} otherwise.

      *

      * In particular, this method returns {@code null} if the underlying

      * class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type

      * declaration, instance initializer or static initializer.

      *

      * @return the immediately enclosing method of the underlying class, if

      *     that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public Method getEnclosingMethod() {

         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();

         if (enclosingInfo == null)

             return null;

         else {

             if (!enclosingInfo.isMethod())

                 return null;

             MethodRepository typeInfo = MethodRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),

                                                               getFactory());

             Class<?>   returnType       = toClass(typeInfo.getReturnType());

             Type []    parameterTypes   = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();

             Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];

             // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*

             // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used

             // don't have generics information

             for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)

                 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);

             /*

              * Loop over all declared methods; match method name,

              * number of and type of parameters, *and* return

              * type.  Matching return type is also necessary

              * because of covariant returns, etc.

              */

             for(Method m: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredMethods()) {

                 if (m.getName().equals(enclosingInfo.getName()) ) {

                     Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = m.getParameterTypes();

                     if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {

                         boolean matches = true;

                         for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {

                             if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {

                                 matches = false;

                                 break;

                             }

                         }

                         if (matches) { // finally, check return type

                             if (m.getReturnType().equals(returnType) )

                                 return m;

                         }

                     }

                 }

             }

             throw new InternalError("Enclosing method not found");

         }

     }

     private native Object[] getEnclosingMethod0();

     private EnclosingMethodInfo getEnclosingMethodInfo() {

         Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0();

         if (enclosingInfo == null)

             return null;

         else {

             return new EnclosingMethodInfo(enclosingInfo);

         }

     }

     private final static class EnclosingMethodInfo {

         private Class<?> enclosingClass;

         private String name;

         private String descriptor;

         private EnclosingMethodInfo(Object[] enclosingInfo) {

             if (enclosingInfo.length != 3)

                 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");

             try {

                 // The array is expected to have three elements:

                 // the immediately enclosing class

                 enclosingClass = (Class<?>) enclosingInfo[0];

                 assert(enclosingClass != null);

                 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's

                 // name (can be null).

                 name            = (String)   enclosingInfo[1];

                 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's

                 // descriptor (null iff name is).

                 descriptor      = (String)   enclosingInfo[2];

                 assert((name != null && descriptor != null) || name == descriptor);

             } catch (ClassCastException cce) {

                 throw new InternalError("Invalid type in enclosing method information");

             }

         }

         boolean isPartial() {

             return enclosingClass == null || name == null || descriptor == null;

         }

         boolean isConstructor() { return !isPartial() && "<init>".equals(name); }

         boolean isMethod() { return !isPartial() && !isConstructor() && !"<clinit>".equals(name); }

         Class<?> getEnclosingClass() { return enclosingClass; }

         String getName() { return name; }

         String getDescriptor() { return descriptor; }

     }

     private static Class<?> toClass(Type o) {

         if (o instanceof GenericArrayType)

             return Array.newInstance(toClass(((GenericArrayType)o).getGenericComponentType()),

                                      0)

                 .getClass();

         return (Class<?>)o;

      }

     /**

      * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous

      * class within a constructor, returns a {@link

      * java.lang.reflect.Constructor Constructor} object representing

      * the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying

      * class. Returns {@code null} otherwise.  In particular, this

      * method returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a local

      * or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration,

      * instance initializer or static initializer.

      *

      * @return the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying class, if

      *     that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() {

         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();

         if (enclosingInfo == null)

             return null;

         else {

             if (!enclosingInfo.isConstructor())

                 return null;

             ConstructorRepository typeInfo = ConstructorRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),

                                                                         getFactory());

             Type []    parameterTypes   = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();

             Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];

             // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*

             // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used

             // don't have generics information

             for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)

                 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);

             /*

              * Loop over all declared constructors; match number

              * of and type of parameters.

              */

             for(Constructor<?> c: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredConstructors()) {

                 Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = c.getParameterTypes();

                 if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {

                     boolean matches = true;

                     for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {

                         if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {

                             matches = false;

                             break;

                         }

                     }

                     if (matches)

                         return c;

                 }

             }

             throw new InternalError("Enclosing constructor not found");

         }

     }

     /**

      * If the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object

      * is a member of another class, returns the {@code Class} object

      * representing the class in which it was declared.  This method returns

      * null if this class or interface is not a member of any other class.  If

      * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, a primitive

      * type, or void,then this method returns null.

      *

      * @return the declaring class for this class

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public native Class<?> getDeclaringClass();

     /**

      * Returns the immediately enclosing class of the underlying

      * class.  If the underlying class is a top level class this

      * method returns {@code null}.

      * @return the immediately enclosing class of the underlying class

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public Class<?> getEnclosingClass() {

         // There are five kinds of classes (or interfaces):

         // a) Top level classes

         // b) Nested classes (static member classes)

         // c) Inner classes (non-static member classes)

         // d) Local classes (named classes declared within a method)

         // e) Anonymous classes

         // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod

         // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an

         // anonymous class.

         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();

         if (enclosingInfo == null) {

             // This is a top level or a nested class or an inner class (a, b, or c)

             return getDeclaringClass();

         } else {

             Class<?> enclosingClass = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();

             // This is a local class or an anonymous class (d or e)

             if (enclosingClass == this || enclosingClass == null)

                 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");

             else

                 return enclosingClass;

         }

     }

     /**

      * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the

      * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is

      * anonymous.

      *

      * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the

      * component type with "[]" appended.  In particular the simple

      * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".

      *

      * @return the simple name of the underlying class

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public String getSimpleName() {

         if (isArray())

             return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]";

         String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName();

         if (simpleName == null) { // top level class

             simpleName = getName();

             return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf(".")+1); // strip the package name

         }

         // According to JLS3 "Binary Compatibility" (13.1) the binary

         // name of non-package classes (not top level) is the binary

         // name of the immediately enclosing class followed by a '$' followed by:

         // (for nested and inner classes): the simple name.

         // (for local classes): 1 or more digits followed by the simple name.

         // (for anonymous classes): 1 or more digits.

         // Since getSimpleBinaryName() will strip the binary name of

         // the immediatly enclosing class, we are now looking at a

         // string that matches the regular expression "\$[0-9]*"

         // followed by a simple name (considering the simple of an

         // anonymous class to be the empty string).

         // Remove leading "\$[0-9]*" from the name

         int length = simpleName.length();

         if (length < 1 || simpleName.charAt(0) != '$')

             throw new InternalError("Malformed class name");

         int index = 1;

         while (index < length && isAsciiDigit(simpleName.charAt(index)))

             index++;

         // Eventually, this is the empty string iff this is an anonymous class

         return simpleName.substring(index);

     }

     /**

      * Character.isDigit answers {@code true} to some non-ascii

      * digits.  This one does not.

      */

     private static boolean isAsciiDigit(char c) {

         return '0' <= c && c <= '9';

     }

     /**

      * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as

      * defined by the Java Language Specification.  Returns null if

      * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if

      * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component

      * type does not have a canonical name).

      * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and

      * {@code null} otherwise.

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public String getCanonicalName() {

         if (isArray()) {

             String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName();

             if (canonicalName != null)

                 return canonicalName + "[]";

             else

                 return null;

         }

         if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass())

             return null;

         Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();

         if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class

             return getName();

         } else {

             String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName();

             if (enclosingName == null)

                 return null;

             return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName();

         }

     }

     /**

      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class

      * is an anonymous class.

      *

      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is an anonymous class.

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public boolean isAnonymousClass() {

         return "".equals(getSimpleName());

     }

     /**

      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class

      * is a local class.

      *

      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a local class.

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public boolean isLocalClass() {

         return isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && !isAnonymousClass();

     }

     /**

      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class

      * is a member class.

      *

      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a member class.

      * @since 1.5

      */

     public boolean isMemberClass() {

         return getSimpleBinaryName() != null && !isLocalOrAnonymousClass();

     }

     /**

      * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e.,

      * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name.

      * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level

      * class.

      */

     private String getSimpleBinaryName() {

         Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();

         if (enclosingClass == null) // top level class

             return null;

         // Otherwise, strip the enclosing class' name

         try {

             return getName().substring(enclosingClass.getName().length());

         } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {

             throw new InternalError("Malformed class name");

         }

     }

     /**

      * Returns {@code true} if this is a local class or an anonymous

      * class.  Returns {@code false} otherwise.

      */

     private boolean isLocalOrAnonymousClass() {

         // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod

         // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an

         // anonymous class.

         return getEnclosingMethodInfo() != null;

     }

     /**

      * Returns an array containing {@code Class} objects representing all

      * the public classes and interfaces that are members of the class

      * represented by this {@code Class} object.  This includes public

      * class and interface members inherited from superclasses and public class

      * and interface members declared by the class.  This method returns an

      * array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object has no public member

      * classes or interfaces.  This method also returns an array of length 0 if

      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, an array

      * class, or void.

      *

      * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing the public

      * members of this class

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} method

      *             denies access to the classes within this class

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Class<?>[] getClasses() {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         // Privileged so this implementation can look at DECLARED classes,

         // something the caller might not have privilege to do.  The code here

         // is allowed to look at DECLARED classes because (1) it does not hand

         // out anything other than public members and (2) public member access

         // has already been ok'd by the SecurityManager.

         return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(

             new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Class<?>[]>() {

                 public Class[] run() {

                     List<Class<?>> list = new ArrayList<>();

                     Class<?> currentClass = Class.this;

                     while (currentClass != null) {

                         Class<?>[] members = currentClass.getDeclaredClasses();

                         for (int i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {

                             if (Modifier.isPublic(members[i].getModifiers())) {

                                 list.add(members[i]);

                             }

                         }

                         currentClass = currentClass.getSuperclass();

                     }

                     return list.toArray(new Class[0]);

                 }

             });

     }

     /**

      * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all

      * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by

      * this {@code Class} object.  The elements in the array returned are

      * not sorted and are not in any particular order.  This method returns an

      * array of length 0 if the class or interface has no accessible public

      * fields, or if it represents an array class, a primitive type, or void.

      *

      * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a class,

      * this method returns the public fields of this class and of all its

      * superclasses.  If this {@code Class} object represents an

      * interface, this method returns the fields of this interface and of all

      * its superinterfaces.

      *

      * <p> The implicit length field for array class is not reflected by this

      * method. User code should use the methods of class {@code Array} to

      * manipulate arrays.

      *

      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.

      *

      * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the

      * public fields

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies

      *             access to the fields within this class

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         return copyFields(privateGetPublicFields(null));

     }

     /**

      * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all

      * the public <em>member</em> methods of the class or interface represented

      * by this {@code Class} object, including those declared by the class

      * or interface and those inherited from superclasses and

      * superinterfaces.  Array classes return all the (public) member methods

      * inherited from the {@code Object} class.  The elements in the array

      * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order.  This

      * method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object

      * represents a class or interface that has no public member methods, or if

      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type or void.

      *

      * <p> The class initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not

      * included in the returned array. If the class declares multiple public

      * member methods with the same parameter types, they are all included in

      * the returned array.

      *

      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.

      *

      * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the

      * public methods of this class

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies

      *             access to the methods within this class

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         return copyMethods(privateGetPublicMethods());

     }

     /**

      * Returns an array containing {@code Constructor} objects reflecting

      * all the public constructors of the class represented by this

      * {@code Class} object.  An array of length 0 is returned if the

      * class has no public constructors, or if the class is an array class, or

      * if the class reflects a primitive type or void.

      *

      * Note that while this method returns an array of {@code

      * Constructor<T>} objects (that is an array of constructors from

      * this class), the return type of this method is {@code

      * Constructor<?>[]} and <em>not</em> {@code Constructor<T>[]} as

      * might be expected.  This less informative return type is

      * necessary since after being returned from this method, the

      * array could be modified to hold {@code Constructor} objects for

      * different classes, which would violate the type guarantees of

      * {@code Constructor<T>[]}.

      *

      * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing the

      *  public constructors of this class

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies

      *             access to the constructors within this class

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors() throws SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(true));

     }

     /**

      * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public

      * member field of the class or interface represented by this

      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a

      * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired field.

      *

      * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that

      * follows.  Let C be the class represented by this object:

      * <OL>

      * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the

      *      field to be reflected.</LI>

      * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied

      *      recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct

      *      superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI>

      * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a

      *      superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S.

      *      If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException}

      *      is thrown.</LI>

      * </OL>

      *

      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.

      *

      * @param name the field name

      * @return  the {@code Field} object of this class specified by

      * {@code name}

      * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is

      *              not found.

      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies

      *             access to the field

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Field getField(String name)

         throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         Field field = getField0(name);

         if (field == null) {

             throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);

         }

         return field;

     }

     /**

      * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public

      * member method of the class or interface represented by this

      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a

      * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The

      * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class}

      * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared

      * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is

      * treated as if it were an empty array.

      *

      * <p> If the {@code name} is "{@code <init>};"or "{@code <clinit>}" a

      * {@code NoSuchMethodException} is raised. Otherwise, the method to

      * be reflected is determined by the algorithm that follows.  Let C be the

      * class represented by this object:

      * <OL>

      * <LI> C is searched for any <I>matching methods</I>. If no matching

      *      method is found, the algorithm of step 1 is invoked recursively on

      *      the superclass of C.</LI>

      * <LI> If no method was found in step 1 above, the superinterfaces of C

      *      are searched for a matching method. If any such method is found, it

      *      is reflected.</LI>

      * </OL>

      *

      * To find a matching method in a class C:  If C declares exactly one

      * public method with the specified name and exactly the same formal

      * parameter types, that is the method reflected. If more than one such

      * method is found in C, and one of these methods has a return type that is

      * more specific than any of the others, that method is reflected;

      * otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.

      *

      * <p>Note that there may be more than one matching method in a

      * class because while the Java language forbids a class to

      * declare multiple methods with the same signature but different

      * return types, the Java virtual machine does not.  This

      * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to

      * implement various language features.  For example, covariant

      * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain

      * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge

      * method and the method being overridden would have the same

      * signature but different return types.

      *

      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.

      *

      * @param name the name of the method

      * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters

      * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified

      * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}

      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found

      *            or if the name is "<init>"or "<clinit>".

      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies

      *             access to the method

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)

         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes);

         if (method == null) {

             throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));

         }

         return method;

     }

     /**

      * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified

      * public constructor of the class represented by this {@code Class}

      * object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of

      * {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's formal

      * parameter types, in declared order.

      *

      * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class

      * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types

      * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.

      *

      * <p> The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class

      * represented by this {@code Class} object whose formal parameter

      * types match those specified by {@code parameterTypes}.

      *

      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array

      * @return the {@code Constructor} object of the public constructor that

      * matches the specified {@code parameterTypes}

      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies

      *             access to the constructor

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)

         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC);

     }

     /**

      * Returns an array of {@code Class} objects reflecting all the

      * classes and interfaces declared as members of the class represented by

      * this {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default

      * (package) access, and private classes and interfaces declared by the

      * class, but excludes inherited classes and interfaces.  This method

      * returns an array of length 0 if the class declares no classes or

      * interfaces as members, or if this {@code Class} object represents a

      * primitive type, an array class, or void.

      *

      * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing all the

      * declared members of this class

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies

      *             access to the declared classes within this class

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses() throws SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         return getDeclaredClasses0();

     }

     /**

      * Returns an array of {@code Field} objects reflecting all the fields

      * declared by the class or interface represented by this

      * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default

      * (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.

      * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any

      * particular order.  This method returns an array of length 0 if the class

      * or interface declares no fields, or if this {@code Class} object

      * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.

      *

      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.

      *

      * @return    the array of {@code Field} objects representing all the

      * declared fields of this class

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies

      *             access to the declared fields within this class

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         return copyFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false));

     }

     /**

      * Returns an array of {@code Method} objects reflecting all the

      * methods declared by the class or interface represented by this

      * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default

      * (package) access, and private methods, but excludes inherited methods.

      * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any

      * particular order.  This method returns an array of length 0 if the class

      * or interface declares no methods, or if this {@code Class} object

      * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.  The class

      * initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not included in the

      * returned array. If the class declares multiple public member methods

      * with the same parameter types, they are all included in the returned

      * array.

      *

      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.

      *

      * @return    the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the

      * declared methods of this class

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies

      *             access to the declared methods within this class

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         return copyMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false));

     }

     /**

      * Returns an array of {@code Constructor} objects reflecting all the

      * constructors declared by the class represented by this

      * {@code Class} object. These are public, protected, default

      * (package) access, and private constructors.  The elements in the array

      * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order.  If the

      * class has a default constructor, it is included in the returned array.

      * This method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class}

      * object represents an interface, a primitive type, an array class, or

      * void.

      *

      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.

      *

      * @return    the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing all the

      * declared constructors of this class

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies

      *             access to the declared constructors within this class

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors() throws SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false));

     }

     /**

      * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified declared

      * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}

      * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} that

      * specifies the simple name of the desired field.  Note that this method

      * will not reflect the {@code length} field of an array class.

      *

      * @param name the name of the field

      * @return the {@code Field} object for the specified field in this

      * class

      * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is

      *              not found.

      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies

      *             access to the declared field

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Field getDeclaredField(String name)

         throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         Field field = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false), name);

         if (field == null) {

             throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);

         }

         return field;

     }

     /**

      * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified

      * declared method of the class or interface represented by this

      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a

      * {@code String} that specifies the simple name of the desired

      * method, and the {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of

      * {@code Class} objects that identify the method's formal parameter

      * types, in declared order.  If more than one method with the same

      * parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a

      * return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is

      * returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.  If the

      * name is "<init>"or "<clinit>" a {@code NoSuchMethodException}

      * is raised.

      *

      * @param name the name of the method

      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array

      * @return    the {@code Method} object for the method of this class

      * matching the specified name and parameters

      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.

      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies

      *             access to the declared method

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)

         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         Method method = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false), name, parameterTypes);

         if (method == null) {

             throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));

         }

         return method;

     }

     /**

      * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified

      * constructor of the class or interface represented by this

      * {@code Class} object.  The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is

      * an array of {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's

      * formal parameter types, in declared order.

      *

      * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class

      * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types

      * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.

      *

      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array

      * @return    The {@code Constructor} object for the constructor with the

      * specified parameter list

      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.

      * @exception  SecurityException

      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the

      *             following conditions is met:

      *

      *             <ul>

      *

      *             <li> invocation of

      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess

      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies

      *             access to the declared constructor

      *

      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an

      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and

      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess

      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package

      *             of this class

      *

      *             </ul>

      *

      * @since JDK1.1

      */

     public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)

         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {

         // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this

         // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons

         // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess

         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());

         return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.DECLARED);

     }

     /**

      * Finds a resource with a given name.  The rules for searching resources

      * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining

      * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class.  This method

      * delegates to this object's class loader.  If this object was loaded by

      * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link

      * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}.

      *

      * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the

      * given resource name using this algorithm:

      *

      * <ul>

      *

      * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}

      * (<tt>'&#92;u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the

      * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.

      *

      * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:

      *

      * <blockquote>

      *   {@code modified_package_name/name}

      * </blockquote>

      *

      * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this

      * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}

      * (<tt>'&#92;u002e'</tt>).

      *

      * </ul>

      *

      * @param  name name of the desired resource

      * @return      A {@link java.io.InputStream} object or {@code null} if

      *              no resource with this name is found

      * @throws  NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}

      * @since  JDK1.1

      */

      public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {

         name = resolveName(name);

         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();

         if (cl==null) {

             // A system class.

             return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);

         }

         return cl.getResourceAsStream(name);

     }

     /**

      * Finds a resource with a given name.  The rules for searching resources

      * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining

      * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class.  This method

      * delegates to this object's class loader.  If this object was loaded by

      * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link

      * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}.

      *

      * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the

      * given resource name using this algorithm:

      *

      * <ul>

      *

      * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}

      * (<tt>'&#92;u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the

      * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.

      *

      * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:

      *

      * <blockquote>

      *   {@code modified_package_name/name}

      * </blockquote>

      *

      * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this

      * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}

      * (<tt>'&#92;u002e'</tt>).

      *

      * </ul>

      *

      * @param  name name of the desired resource

      * @return      A  {@link java.net.URL} object or {@code null} if no

      *              resource with this name is found

      * @since  JDK1.1

      */

     public java.net.URL getResource(String name) {

         name = resolveName(name);

         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();

         if (cl==null) {

             // A system class.

             return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(name);

         }

         return cl.getResource(name);

     }

     /** protection domain returned when the internal domain is null */

     private static java.security.ProtectionDomain allPermDomain;

     /**

      * Returns the {@code ProtectionDomain} of this class.  If there is a

      * security manager installed, this method first calls the security

      * manager's {@code checkPermission} method with a

      * {@code RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")} permission to

      * ensure it's ok to get the

      * {@code ProtectionDomain}.

      *

      * @return the ProtectionDomain of this class

      *

      * @throws SecurityException

      *        if a security manager exists and its

      *        {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow

      *        getting the ProtectionDomain.

      *

      * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain

      * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission

      * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission

      * @since 1.2

      */

     public java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain() {

         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();

         if (sm != null) {

             sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_PD_PERMISSION);

         }

         java.security.ProtectionDomain pd = getProtectionDomain0();

         if (pd == null) {

             if (allPermDomain == null) {

                 java.security.Permissions perms =

                     new java.security.Permissions();

                 perms.add(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION);

                 allPermDomain =

                     new java.security.ProtectionDomain(null, perms);

             }

             pd = allPermDomain;

         }

         return pd;

     }

     /**

      * Returns the ProtectionDomain of this class.

      */

     private native java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain0();

     /**

      * Set the ProtectionDomain for this class. Called by

      * ClassLoader.defineClass.

      */

     native void setProtectionDomain0(java.security.ProtectionDomain pd);

     /*

      * Return the Virtual Machine's Class object for the named

      * primitive type.

      */

     static native Class getPrimitiveClass(String name);

     /*

      * Check if client is allowed to access members.  If access is denied,

      * throw a SecurityException.

      *

      * Be very careful not to change the stack depth of this checkMemberAccess

      * call for security reasons.

      * See java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess.

      *

      * <p> Default policy: allow all clients access with normal Java access

      * control.

      */

     private void checkMemberAccess(int which, ClassLoader ccl) {

         SecurityManager s = System.getSecurityManager();

         if (s != null) {

             s.checkMemberAccess(this, which);

             ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();

             if ((ccl != null) && (ccl != cl) &&

                   ((cl == null) || !cl.isAncestor(ccl))) {

                 String name = this.getName();

                 int i = name.lastIndexOf('.');

                 if (i != -1) {

                     s.checkPackageAccess(name.substring(0, i));

                 }

             }

         }

     }

     /**

      * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"

      * if name is absolute

      */

     private String resolveName(String name) {

         if (name == null) {

             return name;

         }

         if (!name.startsWith("/")) {

             Class<?> c = this;

             while (c.isArray()) {

                 c = c.getComponentType();

             }

             String baseName = c.getName();

             int index = baseName.lastIndexOf('.');

             if (index != -1) {

                 name = baseName.substring(0, index).replace('.', '/')

                     +"/"+name;

             }

         } else {

             name = name.substring(1);

         }

         return name;

     }

     /**

      * Reflection support.

      */

     // Caches for certain reflective results

     private static boolean useCaches = true;

     private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> declaredFields;

     private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> publicFields;

     private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> declaredMethods;

     private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> publicMethods;

     private volatile transient SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]> declaredConstructors;

     private volatile transient SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]> publicConstructors;

     // Intermediate results for getFields and getMethods

     private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> declaredPublicFields;

     private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> declaredPublicMethods;

     // Incremented by the VM on each call to JVM TI RedefineClasses()

     // that redefines this class or a superclass.

     private volatile transient int classRedefinedCount = 0;

     // Value of classRedefinedCount when we last cleared the cached values

     // that are sensitive to class redefinition.

     private volatile transient int lastRedefinedCount = 0;

     // Clears cached values that might possibly have been obsoleted by

     // a class redefinition.

     private void clearCachesOnClassRedefinition() {

         if (lastRedefinedCount != classRedefinedCount) {

             declaredFields = publicFields = declaredPublicFields = null;

             declaredMethods = publicMethods = declaredPublicMethods = null;

             declaredConstructors = publicConstructors = null;

             annotations = declaredAnnotations = null;

             // Use of "volatile" (and synchronization by caller in the case

             // of annotations) ensures that no thread sees the update to

             // lastRedefinedCount before seeing the caches cleared.

             // We do not guard against brief windows during which multiple

             // threads might redundantly work to fill an empty cache.

             lastRedefinedCount = classRedefinedCount;

         }

     }

     // Generic signature handling

     private native String getGenericSignature();

     // Generic info repository; lazily initialized

     private transient ClassRepository genericInfo;

     // accessor for factory

     private GenericsFactory getFactory() {

         // create scope and factory

         return CoreReflectionFactory.make(this, ClassScope.make(this));

     }

     // accessor for generic info repository

     private ClassRepository getGenericInfo() {

         // lazily initialize repository if necessary

         if (genericInfo == null) {

             // create and cache generic info repository

             genericInfo = ClassRepository.make(getGenericSignature(),

                                                getFactory());

         }

         return genericInfo; //return cached repository

     }

     // Annotations handling

     private native byte[] getRawAnnotations();

     native ConstantPool getConstantPool();

     //

     //

     // java.lang.reflect.Field handling

     //

     //

     // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT

     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied

     // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.

     private Field[] privateGetDeclaredFields(boolean publicOnly) {

         checkInitted();

         Field[] res = null;

         if (useCaches) {

             clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();

             if (publicOnly) {

                 if (declaredPublicFields != null) {

                     res = declaredPublicFields.get();

                 }

             } else {

                 if (declaredFields != null) {

                     res = declaredFields.get();

                 }

             }

             if (res != null) return res;

         }

         // No cached value available; request value from VM

         res = Reflection.filterFields(this, getDeclaredFields0(publicOnly));

         if (useCaches) {

             if (publicOnly) {

                 declaredPublicFields = new SoftReference<>(res);

             } else {

                 declaredFields = new SoftReference<>(res);

             }

         }

         return res;

     }

     // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT

     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied

     // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.

     private Field[] privateGetPublicFields(Set<Class<?>> traversedInterfaces) {

         checkInitted();

         Field[] res = null;

         if (useCaches) {

             clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();

             if (publicFields != null) {

                 res = publicFields.get();

             }

             if (res != null) return res;

         }

         // No cached value available; compute value recursively.

         // Traverse in correct order for getField().

         List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<>();

         if (traversedInterfaces == null) {

             traversedInterfaces = new HashSet<>();

         }

         // Local fields

         Field[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredFields(true);

         addAll(fields, tmp);

         // Direct superinterfaces, recursively

         for (Class<?> c : getInterfaces()) {

             if (!traversedInterfaces.contains(c)) {

                 traversedInterfaces.add(c);

                 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));

             }

         }

         // Direct superclass, recursively

         if (!isInterface()) {

             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();

             if (c != null) {

                 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));

             }

         }

         res = new Field[fields.size()];

         fields.toArray(res);

         if (useCaches) {

             publicFields = new SoftReference<>(res);

         }

         return res;

     }

     private static void addAll(Collection<Field> c, Field[] o) {

         for (int i = 0; i < o.length; i++) {

             c.add(o[i]);

         }

     }

     //

     //

     // java.lang.reflect.Constructor handling

     //

     //

     // Returns an array of "root" constructors. These Constructor

     // objects must NOT be propagated to the outside world, but must

     // instead be copied via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor.

     private Constructor<T>[] privateGetDeclaredConstructors(boolean publicOnly) {

         checkInitted();

         Constructor<T>[] res = null;

         if (useCaches) {

             clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();

             if (publicOnly) {

                 if (publicConstructors != null) {

                     res = publicConstructors.get();

                 }

             } else {

                 if (declaredConstructors != null) {

                     res = declaredConstructors.get();

                 }

             }

             if (res != null) return res;

         }

         // No cached value available; request value from VM

         if (isInterface()) {

             res = new Constructor[0];

         } else {

             res = getDeclaredConstructors0(publicOnly);

         }

         if (useCaches) {

             if (publicOnly) {

                 publicConstructors = new SoftReference<>(res);

             } else {

                 declaredConstructors = new SoftReference<>(res);

             }

         }

         return res;

     }

     //

     //

     // java.lang.reflect.Method handling

     //

     //

     // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT

     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied

     // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.

     private Method[] privateGetDeclaredMethods(boolean publicOnly) {

         checkInitted();

         Method[] res = null;

         if (useCaches) {

             clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();

             if (publicOnly) {

                 if (declaredPublicMethods != null) {

                     res = declaredPublicMethods.get();

                 }

             } else {

                 if (declaredMethods != null) {

                     res = declaredMethods.get();

                 }

             }

             if (res != null) return res;

         }

         // No cached value available; request value from VM

         res = Reflection.filterMethods(this, getDeclaredMethods0(publicOnly));

         if (useCaches) {

             if (publicOnly) {

                 declaredPublicMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);

             } else {

                 declaredMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);

             }

         }

         return res;

     }

     static class MethodArray {

         private Method[] methods;

         private int length;

         MethodArray() {

             methods = new Method[20];

             length = 0;

         }

         void add(Method m) {

             if (length == methods.length) {

                 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, 2 * methods.length);

             }

             methods[length++] = m;

         }

         void addAll(Method[] ma) {

             for (int i = 0; i < ma.length; i++) {

                 add(ma[i]);

             }

         }

         void addAll(MethodArray ma) {

             for (int i = 0; i < ma.length(); i++) {

                 add(ma.get(i));

             }

         }

         void addIfNotPresent(Method newMethod) {

             for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {

                 Method m = methods[i];

                 if (m == newMethod || (m != null && m.equals(newMethod))) {

                     return;

                 }

             }

             add(newMethod);

         }

         void addAllIfNotPresent(MethodArray newMethods) {

             for (int i = 0; i < newMethods.length(); i++) {

                 Method m = newMethods.get(i);

                 if (m != null) {

                     addIfNotPresent(m);

                 }

             }

         }

         int length() {

             return length;

         }

         Method get(int i) {

             return methods[i];

         }

         void removeByNameAndSignature(Method toRemove) {

             for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {

                 Method m = methods[i];

                 if (m != null &&

                     m.getReturnType() == toRemove.getReturnType() &&

                     m.getName() == toRemove.getName() &&

                     arrayContentsEq(m.getParameterTypes(),

                                     toRemove.getParameterTypes())) {

                     methods[i] = null;

                 }

             }

         }

         void compactAndTrim() {

             int newPos = 0;

             // Get rid of null slots

             for (int pos = 0; pos < length; pos++) {

                 Method m = methods[pos];

                 if (m != null) {

                     if (pos != newPos) {

                         methods[newPos] = m;

                     }

                     newPos++;

                 }

             }

             if (newPos != methods.length) {

                 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, newPos);

             }

         }

         Method[] getArray() {

             return methods;

         }

     }

     // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT

     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied

     // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.

     private Method[] privateGetPublicMethods() {

         checkInitted();

         Method[] res = null;

         if (useCaches) {

             clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();

             if (publicMethods != null) {

                 res = publicMethods.get();

             }

             if (res != null) return res;

         }

         // No cached value available; compute value recursively.

         // Start by fetching public declared methods

         MethodArray methods = new MethodArray();

         {

             Method[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredMethods(true);

             methods.addAll(tmp);

         }

         // Now recur over superclass and direct superinterfaces.

         // Go over superinterfaces first so we can more easily filter

         // out concrete implementations inherited from superclasses at

         // the end.

         MethodArray inheritedMethods = new MethodArray();

         Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();

         for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {

             inheritedMethods.addAll(interfaces[i].privateGetPublicMethods());

         }

         if (!isInterface()) {

             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();

             if (c != null) {

                 MethodArray supers = new MethodArray();

                 supers.addAll(c.privateGetPublicMethods());

                 // Filter out concrete implementations of any

                 // interface methods

                 for (int i = 0; i < supers.length(); i++) {

                     Method m = supers.get(i);

                     if (m != null && !Modifier.isAbstract(m.getModifiers())) {

                         inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);

                     }

                 }

                 // Insert superclass's inherited methods before

                 // superinterfaces' to satisfy getMethod's search

                 // order

                 supers.addAll(inheritedMethods);

                 inheritedMethods = supers;

             }

         }

         // Filter out all local methods from inherited ones

         for (int i = 0; i < methods.length(); i++) {

             Method m = methods.get(i);

             inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);

         }

         methods.addAllIfNotPresent(inheritedMethods);

         methods.compactAndTrim();

         res = methods.getArray();

         if (useCaches) {

             publicMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);

         }

         return res;

     }

     //

     // Helpers for fetchers of one field, method, or constructor

     //

     private Field searchFields(Field[] fields, String name) {

         String internedName = name.intern();

         for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {

             if (fields[i].getName() == internedName) {

                 return getReflectionFactory().copyField(fields[i]);

             }

         }

         return null;

     }

     private Field getField0(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException {

         // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine

         // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by

         // privateGetPublicFields(). It fetches only the declared

         // public fields for each class, however, to reduce the number

         // of Field objects which have to be created for the common

         // case where the field being requested is declared in the

         // class which is being queried.

         Field res = null;

         // Search declared public fields

         if ((res = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(true), name)) != null) {

             return res;

         }

         // Direct superinterfaces, recursively

         Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();

         for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {

             Class<?> c = interfaces[i];

             if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {

                 return res;

             }

         }

         // Direct superclass, recursively

         if (!isInterface()) {

             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();

             if (c != null) {

                 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {

                     return res;

                 }

             }